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# Paddocks

Specialist Sectional Title Training

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://www.paddocks.co.za/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Paddocks Press: Who's going to pay? Cheat Sheet. STSM course overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-pays/) - who pays in sectional title, cheat sheet download, Sectional title scheme manager course overview
- [Paddocks Press: Pets in Sectional Title, Insurance Q&A](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-pets-2/) - Podcast: Pets in Sectional title and questions regarding insurance and conflict of interest
- [Paddocks Press: Who Pays Q&A? CSOS Meetings Casebook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-pays-2/) - who pays in sectional title questions and answers, plus the new CSOS Meetings Casebook
- [Paddocks Press - June 2026](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/june-2026/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Levy Arrears, AGM Reporting and POPIA: How Much Detail Should Trustees Disclose?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/privacy-and-trustee-disclosure/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Must Pre-2016 Sectional Title Rules Be Submitted to CSOS?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/pre-2016-rules/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - May 2026](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/may-2026/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Who Pays for Resultant Damage in Sectional Title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/resultant-damage/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - April 2026](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/april-2026/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2026](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/feb2026-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Can CSOS Adjudicators Award Legal Costs in Arrear Collections?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-csos-adjudicators-award-legal-costs/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Can a Body Corporate Write Off Levy Arrears, Interest and Legal Fees?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-a-body-corporate-write-off-levy-arrears-interest-and-legal-fees/) - Jennifer Paddock explores whether a Body Corporate can write off levy arrears, interest and legal fees, and what the law says about this.
- [Towing, Fines and Clamping: What Bodies Corporate Can (and Can’t) Do](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/towing-fines-and-clamping/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - February 2026](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/feb2026/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2026](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/jan2026/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [PQ-Effect Adjustment Rules in Sectional Title Schemes: When Lawful Becomes Unfair](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/pq-effect-adjustment/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - December 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/december/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Executive Term Limits in Community Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/executive-term-limits-in-community-schemes/) - The Paddocks Industry Summit 2025 brings together diverse stakeholders from across the community schemes landscape in solutions-focused conversations.
- [Repealing Equal Levies and Returning to PQ](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/repealing-equal-levies-and-returning-to-pq/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Trustee Nominations and Adjourned AGMs: Can new nominations be accepted](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustee-nominations-and-adjourned-agms/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - November 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Signed, sealed, but not delivered](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/signed-sealed-but-not-delivered/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [When the HOA Gatekeepers Turn Against You](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/when-hoa-gatekeepers-turn-on-you/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - October 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-3/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Why Under-Budgeting Now Will Cost You Later](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/why-under-budgeting-now-will-cost-you-later/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - September 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2025-2-2-2-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2025-2-2-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [How Generative AI is Reshaping Community Scheme Management, And What It Means](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-scope-and-consequences-of-sectional-title-trustees-fiduciary-duties-2/) - The Paddocks Industry Summit 2025 brings together diverse stakeholders from across the community schemes landscape in solutions-focused conversations.
- [Should SA Managing Agents follow the NSW Strata Manager Model?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/do-we-expect-too-much-from-volunteer-trustees/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [The Scope and Consequences of Sectional Title Trustees’ Fiduciary Duties](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-scope-and-consequences-of-sectional-title-trustees-fiduciary-duties/) - The Paddocks Industry Summit 2025 brings together diverse stakeholders from across the community schemes landscape in solutions-focused conversations.
- [Why Industry Summits Matter](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/why-industry-summits-matter/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - July 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2025-2-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Building Unity and Momentum: Why We’re Launching the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/building-unity-and-momentum-paddocks-industry-summit/) - The Paddocks Industry Summit 2025 brings together diverse stakeholders from across the community schemes landscape in solutions-focused conversations.
- [What the Eye Misses: How Our Perception Shapes the Way We Interpret Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-our-perception-shapes-the-way-we-interpret-rules/) - It's tempting to think of rules in sectional title schemes as straightforward instruments of control but interpreting and enforcing them is not straightforward.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2025-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [The Paddocks Industry Summit 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-paddocks-industry-summit-2025/) - What to Expect from South Africa’s New Community Schemes Thought-Leadership Event - the Paddocks Industry Summit 2025
- [Paddocks Press - May 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2025/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Understanding Body Corporate Borrowings and Levy Insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/understanding-body-corporate-borrowings-and-levy-insurance/) - Graham Paddock explores where borrowing may be necessary, the legal framework, types of security, pros and cons, and the emerging practice of levy insurance.
- [Debunking the “Structural” Misconception in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/debunking-the-structural-misconception-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Jennifer Paddock explores a common misunderstanding about sectional title schemes
- [Subsidence of Sectional Title Dwellings—Part 2: Navigating Disputed Responsibilities and CSOS Recourse](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/subsidence-of-sectional-title-navigating-disputed-responsibilities-and-csos-recourse/) - Graham Paddock explores the procedural and legal steps available to a sectional title unit owner in respect of foundations subsiding and consequent damage.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2025-2/) - The March 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Subsidence of Sectional Title Dwellings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/subsidence-of-sectional-title-dwellings/) - Graham Paddock examines the legal implications and responsibilities arising from foundation subsidence and consequent internal damage in sectional title schemes
- [Section Extension or Exclusive Use Area Improvement?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/section-extension-or-eua-improvement/) - Jennifer Paddock explores the difference between a Section Extension and an Exclusive Use Area Improvement and why understanding the difference is so important.
- [For-Profit Activity in a Body Corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/for-profit-activity-in-a-body-corporate/) - Graham Paddock explores for-profit activity in Sectional Title Schemes meant to be non-profit entities.
- [Paddocks Press - February 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2025/) - The February 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press Exclusive: Insights from the STSM Advisory Council Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/insights-from-the-stsm-advisory-council-meeting/) - Jennifer Paddock attended a stakeholders meeting with the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Advisory Council, and Jennifer shares her insights in this article
- [Distressed Sectional Title Schemes and Urban Decay](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/distressed-sectional-title-schemes-and-urban-decay/) - This paper revisits the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, 2011 (Act No. 8 of 2011) (“STSMA”), focusing on section 17, which governs the termination of sectional title schemes. While section 17 currently covers physical destruction or unanimous termination, it provides no direct mechanism to address financial insolvency or partial building failures. Drawing on subsequent consultations, this paper proposes expanded legislative reforms to section 17 to accommodate a structured, “liquidation-like” or rescue-based approach, thereby safeguarding private housing stock and staving off the blight of urban decay.
- [Common Law vs CSOS Remedies: Addressing Damage Caused by Neighbours in Community Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/addressing-damage-caused-by-neighbours-in-community-schemes/) - Graham Paddock explores the key differences between common law remedies, such as claims for damages or interdicts and the remedies available under the CSOS Act.
- [Who is responsible if the problem is underneath a EUA?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-legal-analysis-of-responsibility-for-maintenance-underneath-an-eua/) - Prof. Graham Paddock explores the legal principles that govern this issue, focusing on the interplay between various provisions of the STSM Act 8 of 2011.
- [Lessons for Sectional Title Management: A Case Analysis: The Body Corporate of San Sydney v Shivani Singh and Others](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-case-analysis-body-corporate-san-sydney-shivani-singh-and-others/) - Prof. Graham Paddock analyses a recent case study of the Body Corporate of San Sydney v Shivani Singh and others
- [Paddocks Press - January 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2025/) - The January 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - December 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2024-2/) - The October 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Ten Ways to Increase the Chances of a Successful CSOS Repair or Maintenance Order Application Under Section 39(6)(a)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/top-10-sectional-title-management-issues/) - Professor Graham Paddock explores ten things to increase the chances of a successful CSOS repair or maintenance.
- [What are Body Corporate Rules?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/what-are-body-corporate-rules/) - Professor Graham Paddock explores the difference between contracts and body corporate rules
- [Paddocks Press - November 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2024/) - The October 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [From Reserve to Admin: A Guide to Reallocating Funds in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/reallocating-funds-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Jennifer Paddock explores when and how reserve funds may be transferred to the admin fund while ensuring compliance with the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 8 of 2011 (the STSM Act) and its Prescribed Management Rules (PMRs).
- [The Attic Altercation: Analysis of a CSOS Order](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-attic-altercation/) - Professor Graham Paddock analyses a CSOS order in an attic altercation
- [Top 10 Sectional Title Management Issues: A Guide for Trustees Part Two](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/top-10-sectional-title-management-issues-part-2/) - Professor Graham Paddock explores the top ten sectional title management issues in this second part of a two-part series.
- [Balancing participation and control](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/participation-and-control/) - Professor Graham Paddock explores how to balance participation in special events and control within community schemes
- [Top 10 Sectional Title Management Issues: A Guide for Trustees Part One](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/top-10-sectional-title-management-issues-part-1/) - Professor Graham Paddock explores the top ten sectional title management issues in this first of a two-part series
- [Paddocks Press - October 2nd Edition 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2/) - The October 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [A Case Report on Zybutz v Helianthus BC](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/case-report-on-zybutz-v-helianthus-bc/) - Professor Graham Paddock explores what happens when CSOSA Section 39(4)(d) and STSMA section 6(9) overlap
- [Paddocks Press - October 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october/) - The September 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [CSOS Jurisdiction over developer disputes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-jurisdiction-over-developer-disputes/) - Jennifer challenges the legality of the new CSOS Practice Directives.
- [When harassment is not a nuisance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/when-harassment-isnt-nuisance/) - Professor Graham Paddock sheds light on what we can learn from the High Court case of M.M. v Kiewiet - Whwhen harassment is not a 'nuisance'.
- [Paddocks Press: Understanding Life Rights (Part 4)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-understanding-life-rights-part-4/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Why Levy Collection is Even More Important Than You Think](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/why-levy-collection-is-even-more-important-than-you-think/) - Professor Graham Paddock gives an overview of why levy collection is even more important than you may think
- [Paddocks Press - August 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2024-2/) - The August 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Club Kerkira: A High Court Appeal Case Study](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/club-kerkira-a-high-court-appeal-case-study/) - Professor Graham Paddock explores Club Kerkira: A High Court Appeal Case Study on CSOS Process and a Sectional Title Developer Liability for Contributions
- [Common Problems with EUAs in Sectional Title Schemes and How to Solve Them](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/common-problems-with-euas/) - Jennifer Paddock clarifies some of the problems around Exclusive Use Areas and how to solve them.
- [Paddocks Press - July 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2024/) - The July 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2024/) - The March 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Condonation of Late Review Application and Procedural Fairness in Hearings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/condonation-of-late-review-application-and-procedural-fairness/) - Professor Graham Paddock gives an overview of a High Court ruling that members can use the Management Rules in community schemes.
- [Obtaining Body Corporate Information - Part Two](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/obtaining-body-corporate-information-2/) - Professor Graham Paddock gives an overview of a High Court ruling that members can use the Management Rules in community schemes in this second part of an article series.
- [Cannabis for Private Purposes Act, No. 7 of 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/cannabis-for-private-purposes/) - Professor Graham Paddock gives an overview of the new law President Cyril Ramaphosa signed in May 2024 and its impact on community schemes.
- [Obtaining Body Corporate Information - Part One](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/obtaining-body-corporate-information/) - Professor Graham Paddock gives an overview of a High Court ruling that members can use the Management Rules in community schemes.
- [Who Pays for Which Pipes in Community Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-pays-for-which-pipes/) - Jennifer Paddock answers the question: Who pays for the pipes?
- [Paddocks Press - June 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june/) - The May 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may/) - The May 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Potential Claims for Relief Under Section 39 of the CSOS Act: An Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/potential-claims-for-relief-under-section-39-of-the-csos-act/) - Professor Graham Paddock gives an overview of
- [Can Sectional Title Trustees Take Resolutions via WhatsApp?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-sectional-title-trustees-take-resolutions-via-whatsapp/) - Jennifer Paddock answers the question: Can Sectional Title Trustees Take Resolutions via WhatsApp?
- [Important Paddocks News](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/importantnews/) - Professor Graham Paddock shares some important news about Paddocks
- [Paddocks Press - April 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2024-2/) - The March 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Navigating the AGM: A Preparation Guide for Sectional Titles AGMs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/navigating-the-agm-a-preparation-guide-for-sectional-titles-agms/) - Professor Graham Paddock explains how to plan for an excellent AGM in your community schemes
- [Empowering Your Body Corporate: 8 Steps to a Strong Administrative Fund Budget](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/empowering-your-body-corporate-8-steps-to-a-strong-administrative-fund-budget/) - Jennifer Paddock explores how to build a strong administrative fund budget
- [Understanding Year-End Levy Adjustments/Increases in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/understanding-year-end-levy-adjustments/) - Professor Graham Paddock explains more about year-end levy adjustments in Sectional Title Schemes.
- [Paddocks Press - February 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2024/) - The February 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available. This month the Paddocks experts shed light on a number of current issues that will help you manage your properties more effectively and safely.
- [Understanding Governance Rules in Non-Profit Company Homeowners’ Associations vs. Sectional Title Scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/understanding-governance-rules-in-non-profit-company-homeowners-associations-vs-sectional-title-scheme/) - Graham Paddock and Jennifer Paddock help differentiate governance rules in NPC Homeowners' Associations and Sectional Title Schemes.
- [Exploring Voting Disqualifications in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/exploring-voting-disqualifications-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Jennifer Paddock explores voting disqualifications in Sectional Title Schemes
- [Can Sectional Owners Acquire Exclusive Use Rights by Prescription?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-sectional-owners-acquire-exclusive-use-rights-by-prescription/) - Graham Paddock answers a question about Exclusive Use Rights
- [Paddocks Press: Become a Scheme Manager (Last Chance)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-become-a-scheme-manager-last-chance/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Newsletter Archive](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-newsletter-archive/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Scheme Management Courses](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-scheme-management-courses/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Insurance Q&A](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-insurance-qa/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Black Friday Special](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-black-friday-special/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Rezoning a Sectional Title Scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-rezoning-a-sectional-title-scheme/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Sectional Title vs HOA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-sectional-title-vs-hoa/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Special Levy Q&A](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-special-levy-qa/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Understanding Life Rights (Part 5)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-understanding-life-rights-part-5/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Understanding Life Rights (Part 3)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-understanding-life-rights-part-3/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Understanding Life Rights (Part 2)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-understanding-life-rights-part-1-2/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Understanding Life Rights (Part 1)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-understanding-life-rights-part-1/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Nominating and voting of trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-nominating-and-voting-of-trustees/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Empowering Sectional Title Schemes: The Case for Specialised Committees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/empowering-sectional-title-schemes-the-case-for-specialised-committees/) - Graham advises the best way to increase your chances of a sucessful CSOS application.
- [Paddocks Press: Specialised Committess running schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-specialised-committess-running-schemes/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Proxy Appointments and STSM Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-proxy-appointments-and-stsm-course/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Know your lawyer: Graham Paddock](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/graham-paddock-sectional-title-lawyer/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Know your lawyer: Jennifer Paddock](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/jennifer-paddock-sectional-title-lawyer/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Meetings Agendas and Owner Responsibilities](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/bodycorporate-resolutions-2-2/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Do you know Owner's Rights?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/bodycorporate-resolutions-2/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press: Body Corporate Resolutions, HOA Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/bodycorporate-resolutions/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Paddocks Press - May 2023](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2023/) - The May 2023 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, featuing new course. articles, Q&A's, sectional title and HOA books and more.
- [Can the Chief Ombud of the CSOS create 12 new adjudication orders through a Practice Directive?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-directive-legality/) - Jennifer challenges the legality of the new CSOS Practice Directives.
- [Maximizing Your Chances of a Successful CSOS Application](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-application-success/) - Graham advises the best way to increase your chances of a sucessful CSOS application.
- [Q&A – 2023 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2023-05/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: appointment of a scheme manager and power of attorney for general meetings
- [Reluctant Leaders: A Successful Sectional Title Leadership Transition](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/successful-sectional-title-leadership-transition/) - A Paddocks Club Member and Sectional Title Chairperson shares his experience with trustees being reluctant to lead.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2023](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2023/) - The April 2023 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering solar panels on sectional title roofs, overdue levy payment plans and AGM quorums.
- [Navigating Accessibility Alterations in Sectional Title Schemes: A Case Study](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/accessibility-alterations-in-sectional-title/) - Graham discusses a case study where an owner with mobility issues requests common property alterations to accommodate her needs.
- [Does Prescribed Conduct Rule 1(2) include Therapy Pets and Emotional Support Animals?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/therapy-pets-and-emotional-support-animals/) - Jennifer discusses whether the automatic consent for disabled persons to keep a guide, hearing or assistance dog extends to persons with mental health issues in keeping a therapy pet or emotional support animal.
- [Q&A – 2023 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2023-04/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: appointment of a scheme manager and power of attorney for general meetings
- [Paddocks Press - March 2023](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2023/) - The November 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering solar panels on sectional title roofs, overdue levy payment plans and AGM quorums.
- [Financial responsibility for solar geysers in sectional title - owner or body corporate?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/financial-responsibility-for-solar-geysers-in-sectional-title-owner-or-body-corporate/) - Jennifer discusses responsibility for repair and maintenance of solar geysers, where the geyser is inside of the unit, but the heating panels are on a common property roof.
- [The clash of lifestyles: A noise and smoke dispute in a sectional title scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-clash-of-lifestyles-a-noise-and-smoke-dispute-in-a-sectional-title-scheme/) - Graham discusses a recent CSOS dispute dealing with what constitutes a "reasonable" level of noise or other nuisance within a sectional title scheme.
- [Q&A – 2023 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2023-03/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Rules not yet approved by CSOS and suing of the BC for slip and falls
- [Paddocks Press - February 2023](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2023/) - The November 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering solar panels on sectional title roofs, overdue levy payment plans and AGM quorums.
- [Q&A – 2023 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2023-02/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: powers of an executor and tips for the inaugural AGM.
- [Boundaries between two exclusive use areas and financial responsibility](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/boundaries-between-two-exclusive-use-areas-and-financial-responsibility/) - Jennifer discusses the importance of boundaries within sectional title schemes, and how these can be used to determine who is responsible for a particular cost.
- [Legal considerations for managing sectional title schemes within layered developments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/legal-considerations-for-managing-sectional-title-schemes-within-layered-developments/) - Graham discusses how the STSMAA and a scheme's management and conduct rules are impacted by the governance of a "Master Home Owners' Association".
- [Tips for Body Corporate Payment Plan Agreements with Owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/tips-for-body-corporate-payment-plan-agreements-with-owners/) - Jennifer provides a handy "Cheat Sheet" to help members of a body corporate determine how to legally pass an ordinary, special or unanimous resolution.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2023](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2023/) - The November 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering solar panels on sectional title roofs, overdue levy payment plans and AGM quorums.
- [Body Corporate Management Grading System?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporate-management-grading-system/) - Graham discusses a recent High Court case, where a CSOS order was reviewed because the CSOS adjudicator did not take into account the evidence placed before them.
- [Setting up exclusive use areas for solar power harvesting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/setting-up-exclusive-use-areas-for-solar-power-harvesting/) - Graham explores some options whereby bodies corporate can deal more efficiently with applications to create EUAs in order to install solar power systems onto common property roofs.
- [Q&A – 2023 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2023-01/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: owners installing solar panels and an AGM where quorum was miscounted.
- [Paddocks Press - December 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2022/) - The November 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering exclusive use area levies, body corporate resolutions, and voting for co-owned units
- [Q&A – 2022 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-12/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: residents using visitors parking and creation of common property parking
- [Who pays for that pipe? A guide to body corporate and owner responsibility in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-pays-for-that-pipe-a-guide-to-body-corporate-and-owner-responsibility-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Jennifer provides a handy "Cheat Sheet" to help members of a body corporate determine how to legally pass an ordinary, special or unanimous resolution.
- [CSOS ordered to redo an adjudication and use its investigative powers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-ordered-to-redo-an-adjudication-and-use-its-investigative-powers/) - Graham discusses a recent High Court case, where a CSOS order was reviewed because the CSOS adjudicator did not take into account the evidence placed before them.
- [Paddocks Press - November 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2022/) - The November 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering exclusive use area levies, body corporate resolutions, and voting for co-owned units
- [Q&A – 2022 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-11/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: OHS in community schemes and the validity of a vote cast if the member left the meeting
- [A co-owned unit: How many votes in number?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-co-owned-unit-how-many-votes-in-number/) - Graham discusses the legality of limited basic services to defaulting owners, and offers some alternatives.
- [Cheat Sheet to Body Corporate Resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/cheat-sheet-to-body-corporate-resolutions/) - Jennifer provides a handy "Cheat Sheet" to help members of a body corporate determine how to legally pass an ordinary, special or unanimous resolution.
- [High Court guidance on calculation of exclusive use levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/high-court-guidance-on-calculation-of-exclusive-use-levies/) - Graham discusses the legality of limited basic services to defaulting owners, and offers some alternatives.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2022/) - The October 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering exterior section extensions and generators in sectional title schemes
- [How do you identify an exterior section extension?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-do-you-identify-an-exterior-section-extension/) - Graham discusses the legality of limited basic services to defaulting owners, and offers some alternatives.
- [Shedding light on generators in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/shedding-light-on-generators-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Auren Freitas dos Santos discusses a recent High Court Order granting CSOS adjudicators immunity from liability for cost orders if they issue incorrect orders.
- [Q&A – 2022 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-10/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum:
- [Paddocks Press - September 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2022/) - The September 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering water and electricity disconnection, special and unanimous resolutions,
- [Q&A – 2022 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-09/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum:
- [Water and electricity disconnection in sectional title: What you can and cannot do, with recommendations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/water-and-electricity-disconnection-in-sectional-title-what-you-can-and-cannot-do-with-recommendations/) - Graham discusses the legality of limited basic services to defaulting owners, and offers some alternatives.
- [Water and electricity disconnection in sectional title: What you can and cannot do, with recommendations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/water-and-electricity-disconnection-in-sectional-title-what-you-can-and-cannot-do-with-recommendations/) - Graham discusses the legality of limited basic services to defaulting owners, and offers some alternatives.
- [Are you making this mistake when proposing special or unanimous resolutions?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/are-you-making-this-mistake-when-proposing-special-or-unanimous-resolutions/) - In this article, Ané explains how to legally and effectively communicate the notice of a special or unanimous resolution.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2022/) - The August 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering CSOS applications and cost orders, and short-term letting in sectional title.
- [Q&A – 2022 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-08/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: spending restrictions placed on trustees and CSOS resolutions between neighbouring complexes
- [The High Court has declared that the CSOS and its adjudicators are immune from costs orders](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-high-court-has-declared-that-the-csos-and-its-adjudicators-are-immune-from-costs-orders/) - Auren Freitas dos Santos discusses a recent High Court Order granting CSOS adjudicators immunity from liability for cost orders if they issue incorrect orders.
- [Does short-term letting of a residential sectional title unit amount to running a business?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/does-short-term-letting-of-a-residential-sectional-title-unit-amount-to-running-a-business/) - Jennifer offers an opinion on whether short-term letting could be considered running a business within a sectional title scheme.
- [CSOS: The good, the bad and the way forward](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-the-good-the-bad-and-the-way-forward/) - Graham discusses some of the good and bad aspects of CSOS, as well as offering readers some tips to increase their chance of success in a CSOS application.
- [Paddocks Press - July 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2022/) - The July 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering signing of resolutions, unapproved alterations, and criteria for chairpersons.
- [Q&A – 2022 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-07/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Levy discounts and paying owner for oversight
- [Resolutions are required to authorise trustee actions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/resolutions-are-required-to-authorise-trustee-actions/) - Graham discusses four more areas where the CSOS is failing in its duties and intended function.
- [Three ways to resolve unauthorized common property alterations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/three-ways-to-resolve-unauthorized-common-property-alterations/) - Jennifer provides her checklist of seven potential issues to look out for that could render a conduct rule invalid.
- [Who may serve as chairperson of the body corporate’s board of trustees?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-may-serve-as-chairperson-of-the-body-corporates-board-of-trustees/) - In this article, Ané
- [Paddocks Press - June 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2022/) - The June 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering POPIA, minute-taking, invalid rules and the current state of the CSOS
- [Four more CSOS shortcomings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/four-more-csos-shortcomings/) - Graham discusses four more areas where the CSOS is failing in its duties and intended function.
- [7 Reasons a conduct rule could be invalid](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/7-reasons-a-conduct-rule-could-be-invalid/) - Jennifer provides her checklist of seven potential issues to look out for that could render a conduct rule invalid.
- [The 3-step streamlined minute production method](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-3-step-streamlined-minute-production-method/) - André, one of our Paddocks Club members, reveals his 3-step process to ensure that minutes of sectional title meetings are captured efficiently and can therefore be approved and distributed quickly.
- [Q&A – 2022 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-06/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Owners' access to information and levy clearance certificates
- [Who is responsible to ensure body corporate compliance with relevant legislation?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-is-responsible-to-ensure-body-corporate-compliance-with-relevant-legislation/) - In this article, Ané discusses the where responsibility to ensure compliance with various legislations falls in sectional title management.
- [When it comes to luxury - old habits die hard](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/when-it-comes-to-luxury-old-habits-die-hard/) - In this article, Ané explains why using outdated language regarding improvements to common property can result in neglecting the correct legal procedures.
- [As a unit owner, may I claim from the body corporate’s insurance?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/as-a-unit-owner-may-i-claim-from-the-body-corporates-insurance/) - In this article, Ané discusses whether owners in sectional title schemes may claim from the body corporate's insurance for repairs to their section.
- [Sectional title funds – why a cheque account simply won’t do](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-funds-why-a-cheque-account-simply-wont-do/) - In this article, Ané discusses whether owners in sectional title schemes may claim from the body corporate's insurance for repairs to their section.
- [Removing a director serving on the board of your Home Owners' Association](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/removing-a-director-serving-on-the-board-of-your-home-owners-association/) - In this article, Ané lays out the process by which members of a Home Owners' Association can remove a director from office.
- [Can an owner’s insurance excess payable be added to their levy account?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-an-owners-insurance-excess-payable-be-added-to-their-levy-account-2/) - In this article, Ané discusses whether managing agents and trustees can use an owners' levy account in order to recover monies due for an insurance excess.
- [Paying for maintenance to exclusive use areas - the proper way](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paying-for-maintenance-to-exclusive-use-areas-the-proper-way/) - In this article, Ané
- [Paddocks Press - May 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2022/) - The May 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering levy clearance certificates, access to documentation and the current state of the CSOS
- [Q&A – 2022 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-05/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Owners' access to information and levy clearance certificates
- [Is the current CSOS dispute resolution process lawful?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/is-the-current-csos-dispute-resolution-process-lawful/) - Auren Freitas dos Santos offers the option of "review proceedings" as an alternative solution to a High Court appeal against an unfavourable CSOS Order
- [Four fundamental CSOS issues explained](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/four-fundamental-csos-issues-explained/) - Graham Paddock discusses whether a body corporate may withhold a levy clearance certificate when they are aware of unapproved building works in the section.
- [Jennifer Paddock rejoins Paddocks](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/jennifer-paddock-rejoins-paddocks/) - Jennifer Paddock rejoins Paddocks as a consultant
- [Paddocks Press - April 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2022/) - The April 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering levy clearance certificates, exclusive use area maintenance, nuisance in community schemes
- [Q&A – 2022 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-04/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Chairperson's casting vote with 2 trustees and role of financial trustee.
- [Withholding a levy clearance certificate until plans are approved](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/withholding-a-levy-clearance-certificate-until-plans-are-approved/) - Graham Paddock discusses whether a body corporate may withhold a levy clearance certificate when they are aware of unapproved building works in the section.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2022/) - The March 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the Property Practitioners Act and review processes as an alternative to a High Court appeals
- [Q&A – 2022 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-03/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Balconies leaking into the section below and calculation of exclusive use area levy.
- [Appealing a CSOS adjudication order is not your only option](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/appealing-a-csos-adjudication-order-is-not-your-only-option/) - Auren Freitas dos Santos offers the option of "review proceedings" as an alternative solution to a High Court appeal against an unfavourable CSOS Order
- [A Closer Look at The Property Practitioners Regulatory Authority](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-closer-look-at-the-property-practitioners-regulatory-authority/) - Graham Paddock explains the relationship of managing agents and paid trustees to the Property Practitioners Regulatory Authority, under the Property Practitioners Act
- [Paddocks Press - February 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2022/) - The February 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering
- [A Code of Conduct applicable to managing agents and paid trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-code-of-conduct-applicable-to-managing-agents-and-paid-trustees/) - Graham Paddock discusses the Code of Conduct that applies to all managing agents and paid trustees under the Property Practitioners Act.
- [Q&A – 2022 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2022-02/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: POPIA and owner requests for info and issues around the nomination of trustees
- [Paddocks Press - January 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2022/) - The January 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the Marsh Rose case
- [Analysis of the Marsh Rose case with comments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/analysis-of-the-marsh-rose-case-with-comments/) - Graham Paddock and Prof. CG van der Merwe discuss the Marsh Rose vs. Arno Steinmiller case
- [Paddocks Press - December 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2021/) - The October 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering HOAs, Marsh Rose BC, investing of body corporate funds, liability of managing agents and owners' access to records.
- [Q&A – 2021 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-12/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: dealing with special needs and maintenance of slabs between sections
- [Payment of sectional title trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/payment-of-sectional-title-trustees/) - Graham Paddock discusses the payment of sectional title trustees and how a body corporate can implement this legally.
- [Paddocks Press - November 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2021/) - The October 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering HOAs, Marsh Rose BC, investing of body corporate funds, liability of managing agents and owners' access to records.
- [Heathrow Property Holdings v Manhattan Place Body Corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/heathrow-property-holdings-v-manhattan-place-body-corporate/) - Graham Paddock discusses the obligation of sectional title schemes to use the CSOS to resolve disputes and collect levies in arrears.
- [Sectional title owners: Your right to access body corporate records](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-owners-your-right-to-access-body-corporate-records/) - In this article, Auren discusses the documents and records that owners in sectional title are able to access and how to request them.
- [Q&A – 2021 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-11/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: installations on common property and adjusting sectional title budget line items
- [Paddocks Press - October 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2021/) - The October 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering HOAs, Marsh Rose BC, investing of body corporate funds, liability of managing agents and owners' access to records.
- [Q&A – 2021 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-10/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Managing agent's liability for trustee decisions; access to body corporate bank statements
- [Marsh Rose Body Corporate v Steinmuller](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/marsh-rose-body-corporate-v-steinmuller/) - Graham Paddock discusses a judgment relevant to any body corporate considering suing an owner for outstanding contributions levied or for any other amounts in respect of a unit.
- [Paddocks Press - September 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2021/) - The August 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering Paddocks Club, smoking nuisance in sectional title, preparing a 10 year maintenance plan and insurance claims.
- [Q&A – 2021 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-09/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: voting on the acceptance of the AGM agenda; AGM notice period
- [Read this before preparing a maintenance, repair and replacement plan](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/read-this-before-preparing-a-maintenance-repair-and-replacement-plan/) - In this article, Auren discusses the importance of having an expert prepare your scheme's 10-year maintenance plan
- [Dealing with smoking nuisance in community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/dealing-with-smoking-nuisance-in-community-schemes/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses a suggested process to follow in dealing with nuisance caused by smoking in sectional title schemes.
- [Q&A – 2021 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-08/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: searching of vehicles; denying nomination and acceptance of troublesome trustees
- [Paddocks Press - August 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2021/) - The August 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering eBooks, vaccine passports for community schemes, claiming from body corporate insurance, special general meeting agenda and troublesome trustees
- [Vaccination passports for scheme access?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/vaccination-passports-for-scheme-access/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses whether schemes may require proof of COVID-19 vaccination for residents, employees or visitors.
- [Q&A – 2021 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-07/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Owners' access to levy role/age analysis; married/co-owner trustee votes in sectional title
- [Paddocks Press - July 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2021/) - The July 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering new CSOS Orders eBooks, neglecting maintenance, ensuring correct legal terms are used, maintenance of doors and windows, levy age analysis and the POPIA, and married trustees.
- [Florida building collapse - a warning to community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/florida-building-collapse-a-warning-to-community-schemes/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses the recent Florida building collapse, and issues a warning to local community scheme trustees to ensure that maintenance is not neglected.
- [Why you should think twice before bypassing the CSOS dispute resolution procedures](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/why-you-should-think-twice-before-bypassing-the-csos-dispute-resolution-procedures/) - In this article, Auren comments on a recent High Court ruling where a complainant went to court without making use of the CSOS dispute resolution processes.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2021/) - The June 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering "no pets: rules, the importance of CSOS process, levy clearance certificates, and rental income used to cover levies
- [South Africa's leading sectional title academic confirms that “no pets” rules are invalid.](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/south-africas-leading-sectional-title-academic-confirms-that-no-pets-rules-are-invalid/) - In this article, Graham Paddock summarises Prof. C. G. van der Merwe on whether a blanket "no pets" rule in a community scheme will be considered valid.
- [Q&A – 2021 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-06/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Responsibility for pest control in a sectional title scheme; The application of the POPI Act to home owners' associations
- [Paddocks Press - May 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2021/) - The May 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the new CSOS Chief Ombud, legal compliance in sectional title, pests and the POPI Act
- [Q&A – 2021 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-05/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Responsibility for pest control in a sectional title scheme; The application of the POPI Act to home owners' associations
- [CSOS has a new Chief Ombud: Time for performance feedback](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-has-a-new-chief-ombud-time-for-performance-feedback/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses the new Chief Ombud of the CSOS and offers a performance review of the CSOS.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2021/) - The April 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the POPI Act, Sectional Titles Schemes Management Navigator eBook, ownership of storerooms and garages, adjournment of sectional title AGMs
- [Q&A – 2021 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-04/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Utility section owned without owning a primary section, 7-day AGM adjournment on a public holiday
- [Four things you should know about the POPI Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/four-things-you-should-know-about-the-popi-act/) - In this article, Auren discusses some important points regarding the application of the POPI Act into community schemes.
- [New and upcoming eBooks!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/new-and-upcoming-ebooks/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses the new Navigator eBook, as well as some upcoming publications.
- [Can CSOS adjudicate disputes with regard to parking?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-csos-adjudicate-disputes-with-regard-to-parking/) - In this article, Graham Paddock offers a critique of a CSOS decision to reject an application regarding parking in a sectional title scheme.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2021/) - The March 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering CSOS' involvement in parking disputes, what to do if your levies are too high, maintenance of doors within a section and tenants serving as trustees
- [Q&A – 2021 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-03/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: maintenance of balcony doors within a section; tenant nominated as trustee without owner permission
- [Sectional title levies - What am I paying for?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-levies-what-am-i-paying-for/) - Auren explains the process of collection levies in a sectional title scheme, and offers some tips on reducing levies.
- [Unpacking special resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/unpacking-special-resolutions/) - In sectional title schemes, many different types of decisions can be made. This article looks at the procedural requirements of special resolutions.
- [CSOS: Brief Analyses of the First Five Western Cape Orders](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-brief-analyses-of-the-first-five-western-cape-orders/) - In this article, Graham Paddock provides a brief overview and analysis of each of the first five Western Cape CSOS Orders
- [Paddocks Press - February 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2021/) - The February 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering an analysis of CSOS Orders, delaying an AGM due to COVID-19, owner contact details, forcing an owner to repair their section
- [Q&A – 2021 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-02/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Levy clearance certificate for a specific unit, must fines be specified in conduct rules
- [Why COVID-19 is not an excuse to delay an Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/why-covid-19-is-not-an-excuse-to-delay-an-annual-general-meeting/) - Auren discusses why COVID-19 is not an excuse to delay a sectional title AGM.
- [The global pandemic putting stress on your scheme’s finances? Why using the reserve fund is not the answer.](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-global-pandemic-putting-stress-on-your-schemes-finances-why-using-the-reserve-fund-is-not-the-answer/) - This article discusses why the temptation to use the reserve fund to pay administrative costs is to be avoided.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2021/) - The January 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering installation and insurance of geysers on common property, the legality of using the reserve fund to pay administrative costs, and video surveillance in sectional title
- [How to approve and insure additional water heating systems on common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-to-approve-and-insure-additional-water-heating-systems-on-common-property/) - This article covers the approval and insurance of geysers installed on common property in sectional title schemes.
- [Q&A – 2021 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2021-01/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Levy clearance certificate for a specific unit, must fines be specified in conduct rules
- [Paddocks Press - December 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2020-2/) - The December 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering safety around swimming pools in community schemes.
- [Q&A – 2020 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-12/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Levy clearance certificate for a specific unit, must fines be specified in conduct rules
- [Safety around swimming pools in community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/safety-around-swimming-pools-in-community-schemes/) - This article covers the importance of rules around swimming pools in community schemes
- [Safety around swimming pools in community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/safety-around-swimming-pools-in-community-schemes/) - This article covers the importance of rules around swimming pools in community schemes
- [Paddocks Press - November 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2020/) - The November 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering non-owner trustees and installing high-quality geysers
- [Q&A – 2020 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-11/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Reporting bad CSOS Order, taking photos of rule breaches
- [Non-owner trustees in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/non-owner-trustees-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - This article covers the legality of non-owner trustees in sectional title schemes
- [Reduce scheme costs by installing good geysers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/reduce-scheme-costs-by-installing-good-geysers/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses how installing high-quality geysers can save the body corporate money
- [Spending body corporate funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/spending-body-corporate-funds/) - This article covers the funds into which levies are paid and the circumstances in which the trustees may spend these funds.
- [A reflection on the last 4 years of CSOS Adjudications](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-reflection-on-the-last-4-years-of-csos-adjudications/) - Auren offers some thoughts on the current state of the CSOS.
- [Q&A – 2020 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-10/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: swimming pool in eua, can AGM votes be secret
- [Paddocks Press - October 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2020/) - The October 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering CSOS Adjudications and spending body corporate funds
- [Q&A – 2020 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-09/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: owners force trustees to hold AGM, can trustees be paid
- [Paddocks Press - September 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2020/) - The September 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering COVID-19 compliance officers, online sectional title meetings and parking
- [The benefits of online sectional title meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-benefits-of-online-sectional-title-meetings/) - This article covers the benefits of running sectional title AGMs and other meetings online
- [Did the Judge and the CSOS Adjudicator get it wrong?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/did-the-judge-and-the-csos-adjudicator-get-it-wrong/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses whether the judgment made in the Kingshaven HOA v Botha case was incorrect in light of the CSOS Act.
- [Waiving your right to hold an Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/waiving-your-right-to-hold-an-annual-general-meeting/) - This article covers how a body corporate can waive their right to hold an AGM, and offers a simpler solution.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2020/) - The July 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the POPI Act, the chairperson's vote and meetings under Level 3 Lockdown
- [Working from home in community schemes – Insurance risks](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/working-from-home-in-community-schemes-insurance-risks/) - This article covers adjustments that may need to be made to a body corporate's insurance policy in light of many working from home
- [Q&A – 2020 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-08/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: can an owner self-nominate to office of trustee, if voting is deadlocked at an SGM
- [Introduction to the POPI Act for Community Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/introduction-to-the-popi-act-for-community-schemes/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses how the POPI Act applies to community schemes
- [Paddocks Press - July 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2020/) - The July 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the POPI Act, the chairperson's vote and meetings under Level 3 Lockdown
- [The chairperson's casting vote](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-chairpersons-casting-vote/) - This article covers the chairperson's casting vote and when it can and cannot be exercised
- [Q&A – 2020 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-07/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Can a trustee also be a paid caretaker, resolutions in a virtual AGM
- [Q&A – 2020 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-06/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Selling the unit but not the garage, trustees forcing the use of wifi or fibre provider
- [Steps to streamline community scheme administration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/steps-to-streamline-community-scheme-administration/) - In this article, Graham Paddock discusses how trustees or directors in community schemes can improve their scheme's administrative efficiency.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2020/) - The June 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering tenant's rights and efficient body corporate administration.
- [Help for frustrated tenants in community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/help-for-frustrated-tenants-in-community-schemes/) - This article covers the recourse that tenants in sectional title schemes have if the body corporate or landlord aren't willing to get involved in disputes.
- [Maximise the chances of recovering unpaid levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/maximise-the-chances-of-recovering-unpaid-levies/) - Auren discusses the process of collecting unpaid levies.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2020/) - The May 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering unpaid levies and appointing a managing agent.
- [Authorising the appointment of a managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/authorising-the-appointment-of-a-managing-agent/) - This article covers how to appoint a managing agent and their contract.
- [Q&A – 2020 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-05/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Owner smoking marijuana in their unit, and a trustee not wanting to attend meetings remotely during lockdown.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2020 Special Edition](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2020-2/) - This Paddocks Press newsletter covers the use of common property during the COVID-19 lockdown - whether communal property can be used during COVID19 pandemic.
- [Attending trustee meetings remotely](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/attending-trustee-meetings-remotely/) - This article covers how to go about attending your trustee meetings remotely, now that COVID-19 has the country in lockdown.
- [COVID-19 and levy contributions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/covid-19-and-levy-contributions/) - Auren discusses options available to bodies corporate, which may provide owners with some relief during the national COVID-19 lockdown.
- [Is arbitration an internal dispute resolution mechanism?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/is-arbitration-an-internal-dispute-resolution-mechanism/) - Before applying to the CSOS, you must prove you have tried to resolve the dispute internally, which can be complicated if arbitration is required.
- [Time and tide wait for no man](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/time-and-tide-for-no-man/) - Auren explains the timeline to get relief from the CSOS in an application for an order declaring a decision made by the body corporate.
- [Q&A – 2020 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-04/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Can trustees change levy instalments to ease the burden? Can the AGM be delayed becuase of the COVID-19 lockdown?
- [Paddocks Press - April 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2020/) - The April 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering remote meetings, levies in lockdown, and health and safety in sectional title.
- [Q&A – 2019 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-12/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Can Sectional Title property owners have informal meetings to discuss another's behaviour, and owners vote of no confidence.
- [Can a body corporate accept a unit from an owner to settle substantial overdue levies?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-a-body-corporate-accept-a-unit-from-an-owner-to-settle-substantial-overdue-levies/) - In this article, Graham Paddock explains if a body corporate can accept a unit from an owner who has substantial overdue levies.
- [Owners have duties too](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/owners-have-duties-too/) - Here we look at some of the duties Sectional Title property owners are obliged to fulfill, in terms of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act.
- [Paddocks Press - December 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2019/) - The December 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering a property owners' duties, board meetings and overdue levies.
- [The evolution of the CSOS appeal procedure](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-evolution-of-the-csos-appeal-procedure/) - Auren explains the changes in the procedures to appeal a CSOS adjudicator’s order. The decision to appeal a CSOS order is not always an easy one.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2020/) - The January 2020 Paddocks Press newsletter covers: abstaining from a vote, developers in sectional title, changes in procedure at the CSOS, and more.
- [Q&A – 2020 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-02/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Who must repair leaking pipes in a section, and Can a body corporate reserve funds in owner's private trust/bond account?
- [Q&A – 2020 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-03/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Trustees wish to delay the annual general meeting due to COVID-19, and Trustee harassing/insulting a property owner.
- [HOA NPC - Ensure compliance with CIPC checklist](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/hoa-npc-ensure-compliance-with-cipc-checklist/) - Auren explains the mandatory process for companies to complete the compliance checklist.
- [All in favour? All opposed?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/all-in-favour-all-opposed/) - This article covers the voting process through the use of voting cards.
- [Paddocks Press - February 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2020/) - This Paddocks Press newsletter covers unenforceable rules, unanimous resolutions in sectional title schemes, defending CSOS applications, and more.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2020/) - The March 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering voting, developing your property and compliance with CIPC checklist.
- [Unenforceable apartheid-style rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/unenforceable-apartheid-style-rules/) - Auren explains how some rules can't be enforced as they go against the constitution of South Africa.
- [We just can't obtain an unanimous resolution - now what?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/we-just-cant-obtain-an-unanimous-resolution-now-what/) - This article covers how owners can seek relief at the CSOS when you can't obtain a unanimous resolution.
- [Developing a sectional title scheme? Remember this.](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/developing-a-sectional-title-scheme-remember-this/) - This article covers what owners need to know when they have bought a sectional title unit that is still in development.
- [Q&A – 2020 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-01/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Trustee allegedly assaults a teenager, conduct rules prohibiting the sale of drugs.
- [Q&A – 2019 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-11/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Disruptive play-park in neighbouring scheme, and forcing access to repair a leak.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2019 special edition](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2019-special-edition/) - In this special edition, Graham re-examines the subject of sectional title body corporate rules. 
- [Paddocks Press - February 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2019/) - The February 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering body corporate meetings, recovering levies in arrears and more.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2019/) - The May 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering sectional title resolutions, security in home owners' association and more.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2019/) - The June 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the short-term renting, resolutions and the influence CSOS has over HOAs.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2019/) - The October 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering appointing a proxy, common MRR plan mistakes and going to CSOS.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2019/) - The August 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering CSOS regulating governance documents and when owners don't pay their levies.
- [Paddocks Press - November 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2019/) - The November 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering arbitration in disputes, challenging a decision made and temporary trustees.
- [Paddocks Press - July 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2019/) - The July 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering building a braai, steps to improve poorly managed schemes and more.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2019/) - The April 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering body corporate meetings, speeding limits in schemes and how many trustees to have.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2019/) - The March 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering body corporate meetings, maintenance and introducing a new consultant.
- [Paddocks Press - September 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2019/) - The September 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering cancelling a managing agents contract and parking in sectional title.
- [How to extend your section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-to-extend-your-section/) - If an owner of a section wishes to extend their property, they must follow these 9 steps. Find out more property advice on Paddocks.
- [Q&A – 2019 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-09/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Refusing clearance certificate for owners in arrears and funds specifically collected for painting used for other expenses.
- [What can owners do when body corporate trustees go rogue?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/what-can-owners-do-when-body-corporate-trustees-go-rogue/) - In this article, Graham explains the steps an owner can take when trustees are not spending the money on the budgeted items.
- [Parking. Parking. Parking.](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/parking-parking-parking/) - A valuable addition to property is secure parking. Many sectional title schemes lack the space required to fully satisfy all those who need parking.
- [Q&A – 2019 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-10/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Adult son living in his car on common property and a body coporate contributing to security measures outside of the scheme.
- [Requirements for a proxy appointment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/requirements-for-a-proxy-appointment/) - In this article, Graham explains what is required in the process of appointing a proxy in sectional title and what could make your proxy form invalid.
- [Box smart at the CSOS](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/box-smart-at-the-csos/) - Auren provides an approach plan when going to the CSOS for dispute resolution.
- [New short courses for under R200](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/new-short-courses-for-under-r200/) - Paddocks has 2 new short courses; Winning in Sectional Title Meetings and 83 Minutes to Sectional Title Trustee Expertise, both compiled by Prof Graham Paddock.
- [CSOS and your scheme's rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-and-your-schemes-rules/) - This article covers the role of CSOS in regulating, monitoring and controlling community scheme governance documents.
- [Radio interview: "Ownership" of parking in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-parking-in-sectional-title/) - Ané discusses the approval and removal of pets within sectional title schemes, in accordance with the scheme rules and going to CSOS.
- [Two wrongs don't make a right](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/two-wrongs-dont-make-a-right/) - This article covers what to consider when an owner isn't paying their levies.
- [Q&A – 2019 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-08/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Club discussion forum: Obliging owners to sign debit orders for levies. Who opens the administration fund account?
- [Build a Braai - consider this before you give your neighbour the green light.](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/build-a-braai-consider-this-before-you-give-your-neighbour-the-green-light/) - Consider these Prescribed Management Rules before giving your neighbour the "ok” to build a braai in his or her exclusive use area.
- [Q&A – 2019 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-07/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Can a trustee be paid as the supervisor, and is snoring a breach of conduct rules?
- [Sectional title final warning for noise: What should you do?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-final-warning-for-noise-what-should-you-do/) - In this article, Graham explains the steps one should take if faced with a final warning for noise.
- [But I didn't agree to that!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/but-i-didnt-agree-to-that/) - If you did not agree to a special levy being raised, can the body corporate still add this additional amount to your levy statement?
- [Q&A – 2019 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-06/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Can a trustee be paid as the supervisor, and is snoring a breach of conduct rules?
- [Resolutions in sectional title schemes - Part 2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/resolutions-in-sectional-title-schemes-part-2/) - In this second part of the series, an in-depth review of special resolutions in sectional title schemes are examined. Find out more, here.
- [The short-term rental revolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-short-term-rental-revolution/) - This article covers why so many community schemes in South Africa are fighting to stop short-term renting and why their efforts may be in vain.
- [Resolutions in sectional title schemes - Part 1](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/resolutions-in-sectional-title-schemes-part-1/) - This article provides a list of resolutions that the body corporate and trustees can take aligned to the STSMA.
- [Radio interview: Pets and sectional title scheme rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-pets-and-sectional-title-scheme-rules/) - Ané discusses the approval and removal of pets within sectional title schemes, in accordance with the scheme rules and going to CSOS.
- [Q&A – 2019 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-05/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Can levies be payable over 12 months and can the developers last unit be removed.
- [10 things to note when reviewing the AGM pack - Part 2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/10-things-to-note-when-reviewing-the-agm-pack-part-2/) - Learn the top 10 things to take note of when reviewing the annual general meeting pack in your scheme. - Part 2
- [Sectional Title Scheme Rules under the New Legislation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-scheme-rules-under-the-new-legislation/) - In this article, Graham re-examined the subject of sectional title body corporate rules under the new legislation.
- [Q&A – 2019 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-04/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Validity of decision-making on a WhatsApp group and exclusive use of solar panels.
- [Q&A – 2019 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-03/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: is the quorum still valid after an owner leaves the meeting, and can overpaid levies get refunded?
- [End of the road debate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/end-of-the-road-debate/) - Confusion often rears its head when trying to figure out exactly what this "maintenance" includes or excludes.
- [Body corporate meetings - Part 3](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporate-meetings-part-3/) - In this third and final part of the series, we will unpack the notice, quorum, voting requirements for a special general meeting specifically.
- [What is "maintenance"?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/what-is-maintenence/) - Confusion often rears its head when trying to figure out exactly what this "maintenance" includes or excludes.
- [Body corporate meetings - Part 2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporate-meetings-part-2/) - In this second part of the series, we will unpack the notice, quorum, voting requirements for the annual general meetings specifically.
- [Q&A – 2019 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-02/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: removing a tree in an EUA and do managing agents require a fidelity fund certificate?
- [Body corporate meetings - Part 1](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporate-meetings-part-1/) - In this first part of the series, we will unpack the notice, quorum, voting requirements for trustee meetings specifically.
- [Sectional title schemes - Principles and resources](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-schemes-principles-and-resources/) - The important obligations the body corporate has in the management of the scheme.
- [Radio interview: Dealing with levies in a sectional title scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-dealing-with-levies-in-a-sectional-title-scheme/) - Ané discusses the different types of levies, how they can be voted in and whether or not owners are obliged to pay them if they voted against it.
- [Q&A – 2019 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2019-01/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Owners attending trustee meetings, & owner refusing to allow a change of section use.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2019/) - The January 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the CSOS, pets in sectional title and dealing with rule-breaking tenants.
- [Withdrawal of permission to keep pets in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/withdrawal-of-permission-to-keep-pets-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - In this article we will deal with how trustees may withdraw their consent, and how the pet may be legally removed from the scheme.
- [Mythbusters - The sectional title edition - Part 2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/mythbusters-the-sectional-title-edition-part-2/) - Some myths are so entrenched in popular belief that we are left stunned when they are proved inaccurate.
- [Q&A – 2018 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-12/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Are items in the budget ring-fenced', & can trustees raise levies over 10% per annum.
- [Mythbusters - The sectional title edition - Part 1](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/mythbusters-the-sectional-title-edition-part-1/) - Some myths are so entrenched in popular belief that we are left stunned when they are proved inaccurate.
- [Management of a body corporate - Part 3: Physical management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/management-of-a-body-corporate-part-3-physical-management/) - This is the third and final article that deals with the management of a sectional title scheme. Here, we cover physical management of a body corporate.
- [Paddocks Press - December 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2018/) - The December 2018 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the filing of your annual return form, physical management, and more.
- [Management of a body corporate - Part 2: Administrative management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/management-of-a-body-corporate-part-2-administrative-management/) - This is the 2nd out of 3 articles that deal with the management of a sectional title scheme. Here, we cover administration management of a body corporate.
- [Mezzanine floors, extension of the section or not?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/mezzanine-floors-extension-of-the-section-or-not/) - In this article, we discuss whether the addition of a mezzanine floor is an extension of the section or not. Email consulting@paddocks.co.za with your queries
- [Q&A – 2018 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-06/) - By the Paddocks Club team Below are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum, to show you what is available to our Community members! Trustee in arrears and still defaults on repayments Member’s question: Good day, There is a trustee who is in arrears with his levies and was handed over to
- [To pay or not to pay - Are you allowed to withhold contributions?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/to-pay-or-not-to-pay-contributions/) - During a dispute with the body corporate, can owners of a sectional title withhold payment of their contributions? The short answer is no!
- [The Chairman – King of the castle or just another knight at the round table?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-chairman-king-or-knight/) - Certain people living in sectional title schemes paint a picture of the chairman as a powerful leader. Find out how accurate this portrayal is.
- [Sectional Title Bookkeeping course workshop photo](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/sectional-title-bookkeeping-course-workshop-photo/) - Paddocks in association with Clint Riddin presented the Sectional Title Bookkeeping Course workshop in Johannesburg on the 14th and 15th of October 2009.
- [Q&A – 2018 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-11/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Should dagga smoking be restricted to indoors, & votes at a special general meeting.
- [Paddocks Press - November 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2018/) - The November 2018 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the CSOS CS2 form, administrative management, and more.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2018/) - The June 2018 edition of Paddocks Press is now available, which covers a CSOS Adjudication case, levy payments, UCT short courses and more. Read here.
- [Fill in the form. What form?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/fill-in-the-form-what-form/) - There are many forms provided for community scheme managers and residents to use in various situations. This article unpacks what each form is used for.
- [Summary of the Community Schemes Ombud Service 2018 Roadshow](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/summary-of-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-2018-roadshow/) - The summary of the CSOS Roadshow in Cape Town in November 2018.
- [Paddocks Press special announcement - November 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2018-special-edition/) - The November 2018 special edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the summary of the CSOS roadshow in Cape Town in November 2018.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2018/) - The October 2018 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering the CSOS CS1 form, financial management, removing a chairman from office and more.
- [Management of a body corporate - Part 1: Financial management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/management-of-a-body-corporate-part-1-financial-management/) - This is the first out of three articles that deal with the management of a sectional title scheme. Here, we cover financial management of a body corporate.
- [Q&A – 2018 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-10/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Selling exclusive use rights, and Trustee remuneration and proxy. Find out more!
- [Removing the chairperson from office](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/removing-the-chairperson-from-office/) - It is important that owners be made aware that they have the power to remove a chairperson from office. Find out more.
- [Q&A – 2018 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-07/) - Examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum include: Staff at the AGM, and Using body corporate funds to pay for building plans
- [Can trustees be paid?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-trustees-be-paid/) - Paddocks has recently been inundated with queries regarding trustee remuneration. Here we take a closer look at the idea and the legalities around it.
- [Radio interview: The rights of landlords and tenants with the City of Cape Town's water by-laws](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-the-rights-of-landlords-and-tenants-with-the-city-of-cape-towns-water-by-laws/) - In this interview, Zerlinda discusses body corporate's installation of water meters to record water consumption, and regulate the pre-paid supply of water.
- [Paddocks Press - July 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2018/) - The July 2018 edition of Paddocks Press is now available, covering body corporate change of address, special resolutions, replacement trustees, and more.
- [Radio interview: Can trustees be held liable for their decisions?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-can-trustees-be-held-liable-for-their-decisions/) - Zerlinda discusses the decisions taken by the trustees, and whether or not they can be held personally liable. Listen to the radio interview here.
- [Short-term letting: May the body corporate’s rules prohibit it?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/short-term-letting-may-the-body-corporates-rules-prohibit-it/) - We are often asked for legal advice regarding whether bodies corporate are allowed to include short-term letting restrictions in its rules. Find out more
- [Q&A – 2018 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-08/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum, to show you what is available to our Community members! Join today!
- [Diving into the scheme’s maintenance, repair and replacement fund when your back’s against the wall](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/diving-into-the-schemes-maintenance-repair-and-replacement-fund-when-your-backs-against-the-wall/) - When unforeseeable building expenses arise, it is common for trustees to get creative with body corporate finances. The question is: is this acceptable?
- [Paddocks Press - August 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2018/) - The August 2018 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is now available. Read more.
- [Community Schemes Ombud Service: Failure to pay](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/community-schemes-ombud-service-failure-to-pay/) - This article focusses on the consequences of a community scheme’s failure to comply with the requirement of the payment of levies to the CSOS.
- [Q&A – 2018 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-09/) - Here are examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum: Selling exclusive use rights, and Trustee remuneration and proxy. Find out more!
- [Paddocks Press - September 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2018/) - The September 2018 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering short-term letting, CSOS failure to pay, and improving your EUA. Read more.
- [Q&A - 2017 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-09/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Radio interview: Parking problems in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-parking-problems-in-sectional-title/) - Topic: Parking problems in sectional title Date: 20 May 2018 Interviewer: Bonnie Mbuli on 567 CapeTalk radio station In this interview, Zerlinda talks to Bonnie Mbuli about the problems experienced in sectional title schemes relating to parking, including both allocated and unregulated. This is a problem that occurs so often in schemes that it makes
- [Radio interview: Questions to ask as a first-time buyer](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-questions-to-ask-as-a-first-time-buyer/) - Topic: Questions to ask as a first time buyer Date: 6 June 2018 Interviewer: Steve Hughes on One FM radio station During this interview, Zerlinda introduces Paddocks and our services, as well as discusses the types of questions to ask as a first-time buyer in a sectional title scheme. She also covers all the commonly
- [Radio interview: Disputes in community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-disputes-in-community-schemes/) - Topic: Disputes in community schemes Date: 25 March 2018 Interviewer: Africa Melane on 567 CapeTalk radio station In this interview with Africa Melane, Zerlinda takes a look at what a dispute in a community scheme is, including the process to initiate dispute resolution at the Community Schemes Ombud Service ("CSOS"). The interview briefly covers the
- [Radio interview: Airbnb in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-airbnb-in-sectional-title/) - Topic: Airbnb in sectional title Date: 1 October 2017 Interviewer: Africa Melane on 567 CapeTalk radio station During this interview, Zerlinda discusses the rights of owners to let their units in sectional title schemes on a short-term basis, and the responsibilities of the trustees in ensuring that the rules of the body corporate are upheld.
- [Meetings - quorum and voting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meetings-quorum-and-voting/) - This article takes a look at the quorum requirements and voting procedures at AGMs and SGMs, as provided for by the STSM Act and PMRs.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2015/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. This month we cover scheme insurance, developers reserved rights, a budget to levies timeline and some AGM aspects.
- [Paddocks Press - November 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2015/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! We cover the PAIA Manual submission requirements, and the du Plooy v Cascades court case. Find our more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - September 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2015/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Caryn explains what happened with the Algar v Body Corporate of Thistledown court case. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2015/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Here, Zerlinda explains what happened with the Willow Waters HOA vs Koka N.O and Others court case. Find out more.
- [Paddocks Press - February 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! This edition covers privacy and security cameras in a scheme, trustees appointed as caretakers, and more.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2016/) - The first issue of Paddocks Press for 2016 is now available! This month we cover AGM's, and managing agent's contract termination. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - December 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2015/) - Paddocks Press is available! In this edition, we reflect on the year and bid you farewell. Happy holidays!
- [Paddocks Press - March 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! We congratulate Dr. Carryn Durham for obtaining her Doctorate in Laws from Stellenbosch University. Read more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! This Mandela Day, we will be giving back. Click here to find out how!
- [Paddocks Press - July 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! We are running a promotion on our Home Owners' Association Management (HOA) online short course. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! This month we cover special resolutions, overcrowding in schemes, and more. Read it on Paddocks, here.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Here we announce the launch of our new course, the UCT Scheme Manager - Sectional Title online short course.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! In this edition we unpack legislation changes, provide an overview of the CSOS Act, and more. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - November 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! In this month's edition we share a video on transitional issues, we cover quorum requirements, and more!
- [Paddocks Press - December 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! This is the last Paddocks Press issue for 2016, and we wrap up the year in a Christmas video. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2017/) - The first Paddocks Press edition of 2017 is available! We have launched new courses, and updated our book on Sectional Titles Act, Rules and Regulations.
- [Paddocks Press - February 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Anton unpacks the CSOS duties of executives, Caryn explains the requirements for two body corporate funds, and more!
- [Paddocks Press - March 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [Wood, Insects and Fungus](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/wood-insects-and-fungus/) - In this article, Rob Paddock gives an idea of the favourable conditions that attract insects onto property, and how to deal with them.
- [Does sectional title legislation apply to home owners’ associations?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/does-sectional-title-legislation-apply-to-home-owners-associations/) - We receive many queries from home owners’ associations (HOA) as to whether the provisions of the STSMA are applicable to community schemes. Find out here.
- [Responsibility to repair and replace windows and doors](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/responsibility-to-repair-and-replace-windows-and-doors/) - Who is responsible for the maintenance (including repair or replacement) of windows and doors within sectional title schemes? Find out here, on Paddocks.
- [Responsibility to repair and replace windows and doors](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/responsibility-to-repair-and-replace-windows-and-doors/) - Who is responsible for the maintenance (including repair or replacement) of windows and doors within sectional title schemes? Find out here, on Paddocks.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-may-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! We have recently updated the regulations of the Sectional Titles Act 95 on Paddocks Club. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! We have just launched a new book: STSM Comparison of 2016 Amendments. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available. We are celebrating 10 years in business in Sectional Title and Home Owners' Association (HOA) law! Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - July 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! We have launched a new 8-week online short course on how to Start and Manage a Sectional Title Managing Agency.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2017/) - Paddocks Press fans, we have just launched the Paddocks Sectional Title app! Find out more about this news, here.
- [Paddocks Press - September 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available, which includes information on our new product launch! Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [Paddocks Press - November 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Our Early Bird special on a few of our online short courses is ending in 1 week - find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - December 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2017/) - The December 2017 edition of Paddocks Press is now available. Watch a video in which our CEO takes you through the 2017 highlights.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2018/) - The Paddocks Club website has just been through a revamp! Find out more about this news, and read the rest of our newsletter, here.
- [Paddocks Press - February 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-february-2018/) - The February 2018 edition of Paddocks Press is now available, which introduces the UCT Sectional Title and HOA Dispute Resolution workshop.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2018-2/) - Read the latest community schemes news & find out about our latest offerings.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2018/) - The April 2018 edition of Paddocks Press is out! It covers self-managing your complex or apartment block, and relevant case studies. Find out more, here.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2018/) - The May 2018 edition of Paddocks Press is now available, announcing our new UCT-approved self-paced online short courses! View them all, here.
- [Q&A – 2018 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-05/) - We answer 2 questions on the discussion forum: Owners installing cameras on common property, and Billing owners for individual water usage in an HOA.
- [Considerations before authorising the extension of a section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/considerations-before-authorising-the-extension-of-a-section/) - This addresses the various considerations a body corporate should make before authorising an owner’s request to extend their section by special resolution.
- [Can a body corporate impose fines? Fining rules in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-a-body-corporate-impose-fines-fining-rules-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - This article from the Paddocks Press newsletter covers the question: Can a body corporate impose fines? Fining rules in sectional title schemes.
- [What can be included in levy statements in sectional title schemes?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/what-can-be-included-in-levy-statements-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - This article answers: What can be included in levy statements in sectional title schemes? Trustees still send statements, but the items included have changed
- [Digital Learning Day: UCT embraces the property management industry](https://www.paddocks.co.za/general/digital-learning-day-uct-embraces-the-property-management-industry/) - UCT has embraced the property management industry through Digital Learning Day, a day that celebrates innovative learning opportunities through technology.
- [Q&A – 2018 2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-2/) - Paddocks Club answers 2 questions on the discussion forum: Damages by a tenant in a sectional title complex, and Raising exclusive use area parking levies.
- [Guidelines for choosing a managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/guidelines-for-choosing-a-managing-agent/) - Choosing a portfolio manager for your scheme can be a difficult task. To help you, Paddocks has put together a guide for choosing a managing agent.
- [Authorising use change in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/authorising-use-change-in-sectional-title/) - A part of a Sectional Title or exclusive use area cannot be used for another purpose without the written consent of all the owners. Find out more on Paddocks.
- [Q&A – 2018 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-03/) - View examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum, including: Fines for not adhering to rules, and Visitors parking. Find out more.
- [11 actions trustees can approve in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/11-actions-trustees-can-approve-in-sectional-title/) - Since the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act came into effect, the list of actions that trustees can consent to has been reduced to eleven actions.
- [Q&A – 2018 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2018-04/) - Paddocks answers two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum, including Voting via Skype, and Air-conditioners on the roof of a building.
- [Trustees - from nomination to termination](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustees-from-nomination-to-termination/) - Article: We have often been asked whether non-members of a scheme may be nominated and elected as trustees. This article unpacks all elements of being a trustee
- [Developers right to extend scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/developers-right-to-extend-scheme/) - In sectional title scheme developments, adding phases after the establishment of the body corporate is called a future development right. Read more here.
- [Pre-paid meters in sectional tile schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/pre-paid-meters-in-sectional-tile-schemes/) - Schemes are not entitled to cut off services for non-payment because the scheme is not the supplier. Pre-paid meters reduce this risk of non-payment.
- [Governance Documentation in Homeowners’ Associations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/governance-documentation-in-homeowners-associations/) - A homeowners’ association is a body where the facilities are owned by the association. Click here to read about two legal structures used to establish an HOA.
- [Paddocks announces free online CSOS dispute resolution guide](https://www.paddocks.co.za/general/paddocks-announces-free-online-csos-dispute-resolution-guide/) - We are pleased to announce the latest Paddocks resource, the Guide to CSOS Applications for Dispute Resolution.
- [Proxies to attend meetings in home owners’ associations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/proxies-to-attend-meetings-in-home-owners-associations/) - In home owners' associations, what if I am not able to attend a meeting and really want to contribute and take part in the decision making? Can I ask someone to represent me at the meeting?
- [Levies - What you need to know](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/jennifer-paddock-levies-what-you-need-to-know/) - Everyone in a sectional scheme should understand how levies work, from the procedures to be followed when they are raised to the consequences of non-payment.
- [Scheme management solely by an executive managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/scheme-management-solely-by-an-executive-managing-agent/) - Scheme Management solely by an executive managing agent is a lesser known option for managing a sectional title scheme in the absence of trustees.
- [How to insure owner-installed upgrades in sectional title units](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-to-insure-owner-installed-upgrades-in-sectional-title-units/) - The members of a body corporate are solely responsible for insuring upgrades to their units by reporting the additional replacement value over and above the standard sum insured to the trustees; In the context of buildings insurance: An upgrade constitutes an extension, addition or enhancement which results in an increase of the unit’s size or quality standard, hence, its replacement value; A unit renovation does not qualify as an upgrade if no increase in replacement value has been achieved; Illegal unit upgrades are considered uninsurable. Please click here for step-by-step instructions on how to correctly extend a section.
- [Q&A - 2017 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-10/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [The Community Schemes Ombud Service and disputes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-community-schemes-ombud-service-and-disputes/) - In this article, we will take a look at how the Community Schemes Ombud Service (“the CSOS”) defines disputes in community schemes.
- [Holiday Renters versus Permanent Residents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/holiday-renters-versus-permanent-residents/) - Click here to view queries about banning short term letting in sectional title schemes, as resident owners want to make rules prohibiting short term letting.
- [How to extend the boundaries of your section in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-to-extend-the-boundaries-of-sections/) - In this article, we will look at how to go about extending a section of your sectional title unit by increasing the boundaries or floor area. 
- [Steps to becoming a managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/steps-to-becoming-a-managing-agent/) - Are you interested in setting up your own Managing Agency company? Click here to view steps on how to do this, and find NAMA updates and recommendations too!
- [Q&A - 2018 1](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-12-2/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [The Validity of a Penalty Rule and Enforceability of the Fine Implementation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-validity-of-a-penalty-rule-and-enforceability-of-the-fine-implementation/) - A penalty rule is only binding on the body corporate if enforceable and the fine recoverable is entrenched in the governance documentation of the scheme.
- [Q&A - 2017 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-12/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Q&A - 2017 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-11/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [The tale of two bank accounts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-tale-of-two-bank-accounts/) - One of the functions performed by the trustees, in terms of the STSM Act, is that they must open and operate an account with any bank or financial institution.
- [10 things to note when reviewing the AGM pack - Part 3](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/10-things-to-note-when-reviewing-the-agm-pack-part-3/) - Learn the top 10 things to take note of when reviewing the annual general meeting pack in your scheme. - Part 3
- [10 things to note when reviewing the AGM pack - Part 1](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/10-things-to-note-when-reviewing-the-agm-pack-part-1/) - Learn the top 10 things to take note of when reviewing the annual general meeting pack in your scheme.
- [Can a Trustee be held personally liable?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-a-trustee-be-held-personally-liable/) - We are often asked whether a sectional title trustee can be held personally liable for their actions, or failure to act, in certain circumstances.
- [Community Scheme Ombud Service - An Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/community-scheme-ombud-service-an-overview/) - This article unpacks the purposes of the Community Scheme Ombud Service.
- [Protection of body corporate funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/protection-of-body-corporate-funds/) - In this related article, Carryn will set out ways in which the body corporate can protect their funds.
- [Levy collection - In light of the Sectional Titles Act, the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, and the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/levy-collection-in-light-of-the-sectional-titles-act-the-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-and-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-act/) - In this article, Zerlinda unpacks the similarities and differences between the ST Act, STSM Act & the CSOS Act, relating to levy collection in schemes.
- [Must the trustees send levy statements to owners in sectional title schemes?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/must-the-trustees-send-levy-statements-to-owners-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - The adoption of the STSM Act has not altered the position that the trustees should send monthly levy statements to each owner.
- [Community Schemes Ombud Service: Failure to comply](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/community-schemes-ombud-service-failure-to-comply/) - This article will focus on the consequences of a community scheme’s failure to comply with some of the requirements of the CSOS Act.
- [CSOS Executives Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-executives-meeting/) - Click here to view a video about the physical reality of the Community Scheme Ombud Service, where the members of the CSOS are individually introduced.
- [Update on the STSM and CSOS public consultation process](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/update-on-the-stsm-and-csos-public-consultation-process/) - For readers not be able to attend any Information Sessions, Graham Paddock gives a report on the process. This is not a comprehensive report but his overview.
- [Why do the STSM and CSOS Bills need to be separated?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/why-do-the-stsm-and-csos-bills-need-to-be-separated/) - Why does the Sectional Titles Schemes Management (“STSM”) Bill need to be separated from the Community Schemes Ombud Service (“CSOS”) Bill? Click to find out!
- [CSOS Follow Up](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-follow-up/) - In this video Professor Graham Paddock gives three follow ups regarding the Community Scheme Ombud Service.
- [CSOS: Doors to Open for Business Soon](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/csos-doors-to-open-for-business-soon/) - The Community Schemes Ombud Service Act as and the Regulations to the Act, which empowers CSOS to provide dispute resolutions is not yet in operation.
- [Exclusive use areas - can they still be created?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/exclusive-use-areas-can-they-still-be-created/) - In this article, we will take a look at exclusive use areas, either registered, or created in terms of rules, in sectional title schemes.
- [Q&A - 2017 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-08/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Proxies - What’s changed?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/proxies-whats-changed/) - This article will look at proxies and the limitation on the number of proxies that may be held by one person.
- [Q&A - 2017 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-07/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Press release: Paddocks launch a new online course on starting your own property managing agency](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/press-release-paddocks-launch-a-new-online-course-on-starting-your-own-property-managing-agency/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Sectional title management ‘popular industry’ changes: Part 5 executive managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-management-popular-industry-changes-part-5-executive-managing-agent/) - In this article series, Zerlinda unpacks some of the most popular questions we are receiving from the sectional title industry.
- [Owner’s failure to maintain their section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/owners-failure-to-maintain-their-section/) - This article seeks to address what a body corporate can do when an owner does not maintain their section.
- [Q&A - 2017 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-06/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Q&A - 2017 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-05/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Maintenance of common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/maintenance-of-common-property/) - This article sets out the basic maintenance responsibilities of the common property and some of the more complex situations.
- [Sectional title management ‘popular industry’ changes: Part 4 Role of Chairperson](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-management-popular-industry-changes-part-4-role-of-chairperson/) - In this article series, Zerlinda unpacks some of the most popular questions we are receiving from the sectional title industry.
- [Q&A - 2017 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-04/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Consuming water in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/consuming-water-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - In this related article, Carryn will address some of the key points to take note of when it comes to water consumption in sectional title schemes.
- [Consuming water in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/consuming-water-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - In this related article, Carryn will address some of the key points to take note of when it comes to water consumption in sectional title schemes.
- [Sectional Title Proxies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/sectional-title-proxies/) - Votes at general meetings in sectional title schemes can be cast by proxy. Here we look at the law in respect of proxies appointed by sectional title owners.
- [AGMs - A few questions answered](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/agms-a-few-questions-answered/) - This article takes a look at a few questions relating to the responsibilities of the chairperson at the annual general meeting (“AGM”).
- [Q&A - 2017 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-03/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [The Power of Trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/judith-van-der-walt-the-power-of-trustees/) - Trustees are entitled to enter short term rental agreements with owners to rent out part of the common property. Click here to find out more.
- [What is “Fractional Ownership” in Sectional Title schemes?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/what-is-fractional-ownership-and-how-does-it-apply-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Fractional Ownership in Sectional Title schemes means part ownership and, in the context of real property, part ownership of the property.
- [Buying a property in a sectional title scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/buying-a-property-in-a-sectional-title-scheme/) - When buying an apartment in a sectional title scheme, should you be more careful when signing than you would if you were buying a free standing home? Yes.
- [Apartment ownership in the Netherlands](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/apartment-ownership-in-the-netherlands/) - The Netherlands government tackles insufficient provision for future maintenance costs and ensures scheme information is generally available. Click for more!
- [Q&A - 2017 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-02/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [The two body corporate funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-two-body-corporate-funds/) - This article will distinguish between the reserve and administrative fund, and set out what each fund must be used for.
- [Quorums and the Value of Votes: Proposed Changes to Prescribed Management Rules 53, 57 And 64](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/quorums-and-the-value-of-votes-proposed-changes-to-prescribed-management-rules-53-57-and-64/) - Quorums and the Value of Votes: Proposed Changes to Prescribed Management Rules 53, 57 And 64. Click here for more information.
- [Trustees Need to Take A Closer Look at Fidelity Cover](https://www.paddocks.co.za/uncategorized/trustees-need-to-take-a-closer-look-at-fidelity-cover/) - Trustees are supposed to see to it that the body corporate has fidelity cover, a sum, if any, to be determined by the body corporate at a general meeting.
- [Q&A - 2017 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2017-01/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Background to Sectional Title scheme development in a – very small – nutshell](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/background-to-sectional-title-scheme-development-in-a-very-small-nutshell/) - For those who own sectional title property, it’s worthwhile having a basic understanding of how a sectional title scheme is developed.
- [Amended Conduct Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/amended-conduct-rules/) - Each scheme is different in nature and membership, and as such, may require amended conduct rules. In this article, we will be taking a closer look at the PCRs.
- [Q&A - 2016 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-12/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Decisions requiring a special resolution in terms of the STSM Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/decisions-requiring-a-special-resolution-in-terms-of-the-stsm-act/) - Different decisions in sectional titles schemes require different levels of consent. There have been some fundamental changes made by the STSMA.
- [Sectional title management ‘popular industry’ changes: Part 3 Levy collection](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-management-popular-industry-changes-part-3-levy-collection/) - We will be taking a closer look at the most popular questions we are receiving from the sectional title industry, specifically from managing agents & trustees.
- [Sectional title management 'popular industry' changes: Part 2 Maintenance, repair and replacement plan](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-management-popular-industry-changes-part-2-maintenance-repair-and-replacement-plan/) - We will be taking a closer look at the most popular questions we are receiving from the sectional title industry, specifically from managing agents & trustees.
- [Q&A - 2016 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-11/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Quorum requirements in terms of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/quorum-requirements-in-terms-of-the-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act/) - A quorum is the minimum number of members of an assembly or society that must be present at any of its meetings to make the proceedings at that meeting valid.
- [Q&A - 2016 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-10/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Sectional title management 'popular industry' changes: Part 1 Reserve funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-management-popular-industry-changes-part-1-reserve-funds/) - We will be taking a closer look at the most popular questions we are receiving from the sectional title industry, specifically from managing agents & trustees.
- [Paddocks Press - September 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-september-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [A community scheme's relationship with the local municipality](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-community-schemes-relationship-with-the-local-municipality/) - Some of the information needed in sectional title scheme management can only be found in the plans for the scheme, both the building plan and the sectional plan
- [Q&A - 2016 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-09/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Garage door maintenance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/garage-door-maintenance/) - Owners of older blocks, garage door maintenance is a must & should be included on their to-do list. Here, we provide general advice for all types of doors.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-11/) - Click to view two examples of questions of the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Who is liable for insurance excess? , & Owner wants to move kitchen window
- [Insurance payouts in damaged schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/insurance-payouts-in-damaged-schemes/) - Trustees, acting on behalf of the Body Corporate, must apply insurance money, in respect of damage, in rebuilding & reinstating the property. Click for more.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2010 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2010-12/) - Click here to view examples of 2 questions on the discussion forum of the Paddocks Club: Proof that body corporate is under admin? & Deposits?
- [Managing agent contract termination – notice confusion](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/managing-agent-contract-termination-notice-confusion/) - Sectional title schemes terminate their managing agent contracts from time to time, for various reasons.
- [Meet Gerrie Scheepers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-gerrie-scheepers/) - It is important to complete courses like the UCT's Sectional Title Scheme Management course and the Home Owners’ Association Management course by Paddocks.
- [The Relationship Between a Body Corporate and Tenants in the Scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-relationship-between-a-body-corporate-and-tenants-in-the-scheme/) - Legislation governing sectional titles focuses on the bodies corporate and owners relationships. Buy‐to‐let investor landlords should know their liability.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-02/) - Click to view questions and answers given by Jennifer Paddock, including: Non owner as chairperson?, Pipe problems?, Unnecessary special levies? & more!
- [An owner is not entitled to withhold levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/an-owner-is-not-entitled-to-withhold-levies/) - Property | An owner is not entitled to withhold levies to set-off a debt he/she believes is owed to her by the body corporate.
- [Essential tips for drafting employment contracts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/essential-tips-for-drafting-employment-contracts/) - Click here to view six tips for writing an effective employment contract for a sectional title scheme in property management.
- [Home owners' associations are not the same as sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/home-owners-associations-are-not-the-same-as-sectional-title-schemes/) - There seems to be some confusion of late as to the differences between home owners’ associations and sectional title schemes. Click here to view more.
- [30 year milestone for the Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/30-year-milestone-for-the-sectional-title-survival-manual/) - The Sectional Title Survival Manual has been a crucial component to Paddocks, driving growth. It is a guide to the law for owners, trustees &managing agents.
- [Who actually decides on the levy increase?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-actually-decides-on-the-levy-increase/) - How is a levy increase worked out and by whom? In a sectional title scheme, the owners decide to increase the levy, through approval of the budget at the AGM.
- [Use restrictions in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/use-restrictions-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Article: This article discusses restrictions in schemes and the reasoning behind use restrictions.
- [How will sectional titles scheme rules be interpreted when the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act comes into effect?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-will-sectional-titles-scheme-rules-be-interpreted-when-the-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-comes-into-effect/) - How will sectional titles scheme rules be interpreted when the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act comes into effect?
- [Paddocks Press - May 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2015-2/) - The UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management course workshop starts next week! Click to view house rules on sectional title schemes, monthly Q&A - & much more!
- [Q&A - 2014 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2014-10-2/) - Click to view examples of two questions on the Discussion Forum on Paddocks Club: Trees on common property obscuring sea view?, & Boundary walls?
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-01/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum of the Paddocks Club: Time and date of AGM?, & Liability of trustees? View more here.
- [Cellphone masts on common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/cellphone-masts-on-common-property/) - Can trustees of a sectional title scheme enter into a lease agreement with a cellphone service provider?
- [The collection of levies does not constitute an incidental credit agreement in terms of the National Credit Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-collection-of-levies-does-not-constitute-an-incidental-credit-agreement-in-terms-of-the-national-credit-act/) - Levy collection does not constitute an incidental credit agreement. Siveshna Padayachee takes us through judgments where she acted for the body corporate.
- [Plans in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/plans-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Some of the information needed in sectional title scheme management can only be found in the plans for the scheme.
- [Q&A - 2016 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-08/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Q&A - 2015 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-01/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum; Trustee – Owner Conflict, and Annual General Meeting Proceedings.
- [Visitors in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/visitors-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - A visitor is not defined in the Sectional titles Act or prescribed rules. This article unpacks how visitors can be managed reasonably within a scheme.
- [Sectional Title Templates Book](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-templates-book-order-your-hand-signed-copy-now/) - The Sectional Title Templates Book contains templates covering a range of sectional title scheme management applications, records, contracts & more!
- [Q&A - 2015 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-04/) - Click here to view examples of questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum; broken window payment, and letter of agreement & maintenance responsibilities.
- [Q&A - 2014 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-04/) - Click here to view examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club about EUA garden maintenance, & reversals of transactions by trustees.
- [Community Schemes Ombud Service: Independence and Training of Adjudicators](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/community-schemes-ombud-service-independence-and-training-of-adjudicators/) - The Community Schemes Ombud Service Act, 2011 establishes a forum for dispute resolution in community schemes. Read the main functions, training & more, here.
- [Application of the Debt Collectors Act to Managing Agency](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/application-of-the-debt-collectors-act-to-managing-agency/) - The Debt Collectors Council has confirmed in a letter to NAMA that managing agents who collect levies do not need to open a separate account under the DCA.
- [UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management course student - Vuyisani Kala](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/uct-sectional-title-scheme-management-course-student-vuyisani-kala/) - Vuyisani Kala completed the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management course through Paddocks. Click to view a chat we had with him about the course & his goals.
- [Investment of Body Corporate Funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/investment-of-body-corporate-funds-4/) - Often sectional title body corporates accumulate money. Management rule 43 restricts the body corporates to invest surplus funds to savings accounts.
- [Does a body corporate have a vote for a unit it owns?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/does-a-body-corporate-have-a-vote-for-a-unit-it-owns/) - The Sectional Titles Act allows a body corporate to, when absolutely necessary, purchase and take transfer of a unit in its own or in another scheme.
- [Many Voting digitally in a body corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/many-voting-digitally-in-a-body-corporate/) - To get an opinion from all owners in the community, it is legal make use of a digital voting platform as a way to ensure harmony for the common property.
- [Does your Scheme Need Batman?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/does-your-scheme-need-batman/) - With the rise of the new MEGA Scheme come new problems. Schemes need management rules which developers can make in terms of the Sectional Titles Act.
- [Notice Periods for General Meetings in ST schemes and HOAs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/notice-periods-for-general-meetings-in-st-schemes-and-hoas/) - Click here to view the requirements for notice of general meetings and how do they differ between sectional title schemes & home owners' associations.
- [Pet Stories](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/pet_stories/) - Click here for two stories about the importance of keeping a clear head when making a decision about pets and living in a community scheme.
- [Some Aspects on the Annual General Meeting - Part Three](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/some-aspects-on-the-annual-general-meeting-part-three/) - Click here to read Carryn's advice on the annual general meeting (“the AGM”), from Carryn’s Corner. This post is focussed specifically on voting at the AGM.
- [Are exit levies taxable?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/are-exit-levies-taxable/) - It can be argued that any exit levy used to build a fund, that is applied in the collective interests of the community scheme, would be exempted from taxes.
- [A fair share of the levy](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-fair-share-of-the-levy/) - How do you work out how much the hotel should pay for maintenance of the sectional title scheme and how do you change the current contribution if it is unfair?
- [What happens when the owner of a sectional title unit dies?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/what-happens-when-the-owner-of-a-sectional-title-unit-dies/) - When an owner dies, the Master of the High Court appoints a trustee. Ownership remains with the deceased and the trustee must fulfil outstanding obligations.
- [Chairpersons in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/chairpersons-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - In sectional title schemes the chairperson can be mistaken for the king of the castle, but responsibility to manage the scheme falls on the group of trustees.
- [Rules - Are they Constitutional?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/rules-are-they-constitutional/) - Various rules regulate & affect many areas of a sectional title scheme. These rules provide for the management, admin & use of the sections & common property.
- [Answer to Special Levies on Paddocks Club](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/answer-to-special-levies-on-paddocks-club/) - This question about special levies was raised on the Paddocks Club discussion forum. Click here to see Graham Paddock's answer.
- [Section 39(1) The Imposition of Owner Directions and Restrictions on Trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/section-391-the-imposition-of-owner-directions-and-restrictions-on-trustees/) - A provision authorises trustees to exercise the powers specified in the Act. This also allows the owners to place restrictions on the trustees’ discretion.
- [An Efficient Managing Agency Market](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/an-efficient-managing-agency-market/) - There is an inefficiency in setting managing agent’s fees. Agents work beyond their mandate in order to retain business, due to an incestuous market place.
- [Guide to printing Paddocks Press](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/guide-to-printing-paddocks-press/) - The Paddocks Press Newsletter has been updated. We now offer a digital format of the newsletter. Here are instructions to print a PDF or digital edition.
- [Insurance for home owners' associations and sectional schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/insurance-for-home-owners-associations-and-sectional-schemes/) - The foundation of any HOA policy is based on two major insurance sections: material damage to the common property, and proper liability cover.
- [Taxation of community schemes by SARS](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/taxation-of-community-schemes-by-sars/) - Taxation of community schemes are widely misunderstood. It is unwise for trustees to treat the taxation of a scheme as they might their own tax affairs.
- [Companies Act No. 71 of 2008 is in operation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/companies-act-no-71-of-2008-is-in-operation/) - The new Companies Act that came into effect on 1 May 2011 has been described as “a revolution for South African corporation law”. Click here for more.
- [Establishing an HOA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/establishing-an-hoa/) - An HOA is established by getting a new gated or secure development approved by Council, or a group of individuals secure an existing neighbourhood. View more.
- [Community scheme meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/community-scheme-meetings/) - Owner apathy is a problem, as well as when a group of owners make decisions that benefit them only. Everyone should attend meetings to raise their points.
- [Slip and Fall Injuries – Trustees beware!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/slip-and-fall-injuries-trustees-beware/) - Trustees must make sure that common areas are clean, well maintained and safe. If somebody injures themselves, the trustee/s could find themselves in court.
- [Proposed legislative amendments to the KwaZulu-Natal Planning and Development Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/proposed-legislative-amendments-to-the-kwazulu-natal-planning-and-development-act/) - Proposed legislative amendments to the KwaZulu-Natal Planning and Development Act are set to impact on how sectional title actors undertake certain actions.
- [Loans to Body Corporate Staff](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/loans-to-body-corporate-staff/) - Can a Body Corporate lend money to its employees? The Sectional Titles Act & the prescribed rules give no answer. There are indications that the answer is no.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-03/) - Click to view questions and answers given by Jennifer Paddock, including: Liability for a special levy?, Removal of a chairperson?, Trustee indemnity & more!
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-11/) - Click here to view examples of 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Can trustees have arrears paid off? & Can a trustee be a managing agent?
- [Can sectional title owners change all the trustees between AGMs?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-sectional-title-owners-change-all-the-trustees-between-agms/) - Yes, in theory. The prescribed rules specify a number of reasons why a trustee of a sectional title scheme could cease to hold office. Click here for more.
- [Meet Shan Rampersad](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-shan-rampersad/) - Shan Rampersad, the manager of the Durban sectional title department at Trafalgar Property Management, tells us about his experiences on Paddocks courses.
- [Liability for maintenance and repair of windows in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/liability-for-maintenance-and-repair-of-windows-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - The owner should repair and maintain his section in a state of good repair, & responsibility of the body corporate to maintain the common property.
- [Meet Alison Hagemann](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-alison-hagemann/) - Alison has studied the UCT (Law@Work) Sectional Title Scheme Management course, Paddocks Sectional Title Bookkeeping course,& Paddocks HOA Management course.
- [SPLUMA, LUPA, and the Cape Town City By-Law on HOAs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/spluma-lupa-and-the-cape-town-city-by-law-on-hoas/) - Do you know that there is legislation that applies to how HOAs are established? This article unpacks all the acronyms.
- [Q&A - 2016 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-07/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Q&A - 2016 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-06/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Cession of contracts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/cession-of-contracts/) - Let us take a look at how the agreements, providing services, were put in place within your scheme before you took over!
- [Q&A - 2016 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-05/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Administrative effects of a change to the PQ schedule](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/administrative-effects-of-a-change-to-the-pq-schedule/) - Participation quota (PQ) of a section in a scheme depends on the floor area, so if the floor area of a section is changed, the PQ of the section also changes.
- [Keeping minutes of meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/keeping-minutes-of-meetings/) - The purpose of minutes is to provide an accurate account of the proceedings of the meeting, and more particularly to record the decisions made at the meeting.
- [Tampering with the minutes of meetings? Believe it or not, it happens!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/tampering-with-the-minutes-of-meetings-believe-it-or-not-it-happens/) - Items which fundamentally affect property in sectional title schemes must be approved by unanimous resolutions. Minutes are sometimes unofficially changed.
- [The Three P's: Pets, Parking and difficult People](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/jennifer-paddock-the-three-ps-pets-parking-and-difficult-people-in-sectional-title/) - Pets, parking and difficult people are contentious issues in sectional title living. Here we outline the laws governing them and solutions to problems.
- [Condensation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/rob-paddock-condensation-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Condensation of water vapour leads to dampness. This article outlines the condensation process and provides tips on how to prevent it from happening.
- [Leaking Balconies in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/leaking-balconies-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - In this Paddocks Press article, we examine three different balcony situations / classifications in Sectional Title Schemes & explain who is liable for what.
- [Dealing with Spalling Concrete](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/dealing-with-spalling-concrete/) - The early stages of spalling concrete will probably not affect the safety of the building. You must repair the spalling before the steel rods corrode further.
- [Taking Action Against The Developer](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/taking-action-against-the-developer/) - In new sectional title developments, the body corporate has three years from becoming aware of problems to institute action against the developer.
- [Passing a Special Resolution could be easier than you thought!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/passing-a-special-resolution-could-be-easier-than-you-thought/) - If there is no quorum on a scheduled date of a general meeting and a week later, no quorum again, the persons present will form a quorum. Click for more.
- [International Comparatives: Portugal](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/international-comparatives-portugal/) - Portugal’s real estate law is governed by a Civil Code. Click here to view more about their property laws.
- [Introduction to windows and exterior doors](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/introduction-to-windows-and-exterior-doors/) - A first step in window and door maintenance is to become familiar with the common terms used to describe windows & doors and their parts on your property.
- [Paddocks training calendar](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-training-calendar/) - Paddocks is a specialist training firm and offer presents training courses throughout South Africa. Click here to view our training calendar.
- [Buying into Historic Scheme Debt](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/buying-into-historic-scheme-debt/) - Do Registrars Of Deeds And Conveyancers Have A Legal Obligation To Ensure That Purchasers Of Sectional Title Units Do Not Buy Into Historic Scheme Debt?
- [Online marketing for the property business](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/online-marketing-for-the-property-business/) - Those in the property business should embrace internet technologies to get the word out, and become visible to over 5 million affluent South Africans online.
- [Twin body corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/twin-body-corporate/) - Both owners in a 2 unit body corporate own the common property by way of undivided shares. So, if both owners are not talking, how do you arrange insurance?
- [Quorum requirements for member meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/quorum-requirements-for-member-meetings/) - A quorum is the requirement for members to attend a meeting. A sectional title quorum requirement may be a minimum number of members in attendance. Read more!
- [Making fines stick in community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/making-fines-stick-in-community-schemes/) - Many executives use fines to discourage rule breaking. Fines must be enforceable and the rules must be entrenched in the governance documentation of the scheme.
- [Water wasters](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/water-wasters/) - If you live in a sectional title scheme, nine times out of ten you waste far less water per person a home in the suburbs.s Gardens consume a lot of water!
- [No Reason to Delay!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/no-reason-to-delay/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Sign up for the 20th presentation of the UCT Sectional Title Schemes Management course. The 1st presentation was in December 2005!
- [Disqualifications from voting in sectional title meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/disqualifications-from-voting-in-sectional-title-meetings/) - An owner’s right to vote at general meetings may be limited by prescribed management rule 64. This is the only provision that limits an owner’s right to vote.
- [Extensions - Make it legal!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/extensions-make-it-legal/) - Here is an example of how illegal changes were made to a sectional title scheme due to incorrect procedures & how the owners may suffer material loss.
- [Qualification for service as an executive in a Home Owners’ Association](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qualification-for-service-as-an-executive-in-a-home-owners-association/) - What qualifies one to serve as an executive in a home owners’ association? The Companies Act identifies conditions which disqualify individuals. Click for more.
- [What you can and can’t do with sectional title property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/what-you-can-and-cant-do-with-sectional-title-property/) - Ownership of sectional title property involve many elements, the unit is a section plus a share of common property. We look at what owners can & can’t do.
- [Formalising parking arrangements by creating rule-based exclusive use areas](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/formalising-parking-arrangements-by-creating-rule-based-exclusive-use-areas/) - In many sectional title schemes, tenants have tacit arrangements of who is “entitled” to park where. Formalising this will be beneficial.
- [Distinguishing between “improvements” and “maintenance and repair” in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/distinguishing-between-improvements-and-maintenance-and-repair-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Body corporates are obliged to maintain the common property. However, they are not entitled to make improvements without first consulting owners.
- [Exclusive Use Tutorial and Quiz](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/exclusive-use-tutorial-and-quiz/) - An interactive component to this edition of Paddocks Press, the exclusive use tutorial tests your knowledge of two different types of exclusive use areas.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2009 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2009-09/) - Click here to view questions and answers from Jennifer Paddock. These include: Two too many trustees?, First AGM, & more!
- [Roof maintenance: Keeping a lid on it](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/roof-maintenance-keeping-a-lid-on-it/) - A roof requires ongoing maintenance. Rob Paddock provides practical information on how roofs function and how they should be maintained. Click for more.
- [Making alterations to sections](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/making-alterations-to-sections/) - When you want to make alterations to your section you may well need body corporate approval as well as that local authority consent before you can start.
- [Paddocks students who have completed 3 or more courses](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-students-who-have-completed-3-or-more-courses/) - In celebration of our students who are passionate about sectional title education, view a list of Paddocks students who have completed 3 or more courses.
- [Should the Community Scheme Ombud Service Regulate Managing Agents?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/should-the-community-scheme-ombud-service-regulate-managing-agents/) - Should the Community Scheme Ombud Service (“CSOS” and “the Service”) take over the regulation of managing agency from the Estate Agency Affairs Board.
- [Sectional Title Insurance – Trustees Responsibility](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-insurance-trustees-responsibility/) - Trustees are elected by the body corporate. Trustees must be aware of the statutory functions of a body corporate in respect of the insurance.
- [Past Student Q&A](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/past-student-qaa/) - We have asked three of our past students to share some of their experience of the course with our Paddocks Press readers. Click here to view more.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2009 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2009-10/) - Click here to view questions and answers by Jennifer Paddock. These include: Municipality meter calculation problems, Lawyer fees on levy & more!
- [Paint Shmaint](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paint-shmaint/) - In this article, Rob Paddock looks at what paint is, and what the purpose paint serves in protecting your building/sectional title scheme from the elements.
- [Paint Shmaint #2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paint-shmaint-2/) - In this article, Rob Paddock outlines the process of repainting a building, and the golden rule of repainting your property buildings. Click here for more.
- [Levy stabilization funds in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/levy-stabilization-funds-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Levy stabilization funds are common in sectional title schemes designed for retired persons. Click here to find out more!
- [Sectional Title Scheme Management Workshops](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-scheme-management-workshops/) - The 8th presentation of the UCT (Law@Work) Sectional Title Scheme Management Certificate Course has come to an end. Click here to view some pictures.
- [In Memoriam - Alastair Lomas-Walker](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/in-memoriam-alastair-lomas-walker/) - To his family, his business partners & staff, Alastair’s death in the prime of his life was an unexpected shock. We extend to them all our deepest sympathy.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2009 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2009-11/) - Click here to view questions and answers from Jennifer Paddock. These include: Reconfiguration of a unit, Developer to Chairman, Paying the excess & more!
- [Happy Festive Season](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/happy-festive-season-2/) - Paddocks would like to wish you a Happy Festive Season! Click here to view a video and watch our team singing our own Paddocks Festive Season Song!
- [Extracts from the Law of Sectional Title Meetings course notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/extracts-from-the-law-of-sectional-title-meetings-course-notes/) - Here we look at Extracts from the Law of Sectional Title Meetings course notes with regards to the role of managing agents, and student feedback.
- [Sealants and goalies – One and the same](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sealants-and-goalies-one-and-the-same/) - Here on Paddocks Press, we will be looking at sealants. The main purpose of using sealants on your sectional title scheme is to fill joints and gaps.
- [Looking Back at 2009 - a Sectional Title Retrospective](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/looking-back-at-2009-a-sectional-title-retrospective/) - We look back at 2009 and consider what issues have arisen in the Sectional Title industry over the past 12 months. Click here to view some.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2009 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2009-12/) - View questions and answers by Jennifer Paddock. These include: Ownership of walled gardens?, Parking problems?, Blocked sewerage pipes? & more!
- [Paddocks Press article template](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/test/) - By Name and Surname Above the read more line copy (First paragraph) Rest of the copy. Article reference: Paddocks Press: Volume #, Issue #, Page # Byline example: Anton Kelly is the course instructor of the Sectional Title Specialist Estate Agent short course. To join the June presentation of this course or for more information
- [Paddocks Press - June 2014](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2014/) - The June edition of the Paddocks newsletter covers waterproofing, trustee policies and directives, business strategy & more! Click here to view.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2015/) - View the new and improved Paddocks Press here! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [Invalid trustee consent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/invalid-trustee-consent/) - Most permissions given by trustees are not valid. Trustee consent must be in writing, & must be signed by two trustees or one trustee and the managing agent.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-08/) - Click here to view examples of two questions of the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Unpaid levies and letting property, & Postponing an AGM. View more here.
- [Q&A - 2015 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-09/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Q&A - 2015 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-03/) - Click to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum; Voting at HOA Company Meeting, & Parking Bay questions.
- [Q&A - 2014 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2014-10-3/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum; Amending sectional plan, & Body corporates involvement in section repairs.
- [Member directives to executives in Home Owners’ Associations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/member-directives-to-executives-in-home-owners-associations/) - In common law Home Owners Associations, owners can make rules at the AGM. In non-profit HOA's, change to the company’s MOI can be called for by members.
- [When sectional title schemes should be home owners’ associations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/when-sectional-title-schemes-should-be-home-owners-associations/) - Sectional Title schemes can be used for a wide variety of development types. Why are they developed as sectional title schemes rather than as HOAs?
- [Overcrowding in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/overcrowding-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Overcrowding can be a major problem in sectional title schemes, and it could lead to management difficulties.
- [Q&A - 2016 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-04/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [How are Home Owners' Associations Similar to Sectional Title Schemes, and What are the Main Differences?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-are-home-owners-associations-similar-to-sectional-title-schemes-and-what-are-the-main-differences/) - How are Home Owners’ Associations (HOA's) similar to Sectional Title Schemes, and what are the main differences? Click here to find out!
- [Sealants and goalies – One and the same #2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sealants-and-goalies-one-and-the-same-2/) - Inspections and maintenance are to sealants, what training and regular practice are to goalies: vital for optimum performance. Click here to read more!
- [Meet Marco de Oliveira](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-marco-de-oliveira/) - Meet Marco, a managing member of Solver Property Services, and a past Paddocks learner. Marco has completed 3 Paddocks courses.
- [Insurance and the Home Owner’s Association](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/insurance-and-the-home-owners-association/) - Within the home owner’s association environment, owners of each owned property need to see to their own insurance. However, what about the common property?
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-01/) - View questions and answers from Jennifer Paddock. These include: Developer’s voting power?, Registering managing agents?, Remuneration of trustees? & more!
- [Basic conditions of employment for a body corporate employee](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/basic-conditions-of-employment-for-a-body-corporate-employee/) - Sectional title schemes are not profit-focussed businesses, employees are not managed properly. View this overview of the Basic Conditions of Employment Act.
- [New course designed for sectional title trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/new-course-designed-for-sectional-title-trustees/) - Our new Sectional Title Trustee Training short learning course gives trustees an overview of the law relating to sectional title scheme management.
- [Trustees Contracting with Third Parties on behalf of the Body Corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustees-contracting-with-third-parties-on-behalf-of-the-body-corporate/) - Click to view what is required and what the possible consequences are, when trustees enter into contracts on behalf of the body corporate with third parties
- [Q&A - 2015 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-12/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Perceived value of property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/perceived-value-of-property/) - Economic growth in South Africa could be helped by converting untitled land lived on by the poor into property rights for those who reside there.
- [How To Save On Insurance Premiums](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-to-save-on-insurance-premiums/) - Buy a copy of Graham Paddock’s “Sectional Titles’ Survival Manual”, & understand the requirements that the Act specifies when it comes to insurance.
- [Exclusive Use Areas - A few of your Queries Answered](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/exclusive-use-areas-a-few-of-your-queries-answered/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Click here to find answers to what is seen as a sectional title exclusive use area, how it is created, and who must maintain it.
- [Q&A - 2015 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-11/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Jennifer Paddock rejoins the team](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/jennifer-paddock-rejoins-the-team/) - The Paddocks team welcomes back former team member, Jennifer Paddock. She specialises in sectional titles & received a 4-year Bachelor of Laws degree at UCT.
- [Meetings in a non-profit HOA company](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meetings-in-a-non-profit-hoa/) - Home owners’ associations that are non-profit companies must deliver the notice for a members’ meeting, such as the AGM, 15 business days before the meeting.
- [Updating your HOA’s Memorandum of Incorporation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/updating-your-hoas-memorandum-of-incorporation/) - Non-profit home owners’ association companies should adopt revised Memorandum of Incorporations to run their organisation cooperating with the current law.
- [The importance of land surveying](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-importance-of-land-surveying/) - Developers suggest that hiring a land surveyor saves time. Click for suggestions for buildings to be converted into title schemes & buildings to be erected.
- [My, my....how we have grown!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/my-myhow-we-have-grown/) - Graham and Sam Paddock transformed Graham Paddock & Associates into Paddocks at the end of 2006 and positioned as a specialist sectional title business.
- [Ignorance is not bliss for sectional title owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/ignorance-is-not-bliss-for-sectional-title-owners/) - Estate agents often do not help owners avoid dissatisfaction with their property. Many problems in sectional title schemes have their cause in misinformation.
- [Withholding levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/withholding-levies/) - An owner is not entitled to withhold levies to set-off a debt owed by the body corporate. If an owner does withhold levies, they are subject to sanctions.
- [Buyers and Sellers and the Web](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/buyers-and-sellers-and-the-web/) - Property realtors are doing everything to cut costs, reach their target markets & ensure that property buyers have all the information they need.
- [A Developer’s quandry](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-developers-quandry/) - In the new-built property market, developers have become creative in the types of developments they design and build in order to attract buyers and investors.
- [Meet Linda-Jane Haynes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-linda-jane-haynes/) - Meet Linda-Jane Haynes, past Paddocks learner. She has completed the Law of Sectional Title Meetings Course & Sectional Title Bookkeeping Course.
- [Insulate and celebrate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/insulate-and-celebrate/) - Older homes & some modern homes do not have any insulation in the roof. If it is not insulated, you are spending more on heating and cooling than you should.
- [Sectional title AGMs for dummies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-agms-for-dummies/) - In this article we set out the management rules prescribed by the regulations to the Sectional Titles Act which govern Annual General Meetings (AGMs).
- [To rule, or not to rule – that is the question!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/to-rule-or-not-to-rule-that-is-the-question/) - From the time it first comes into being (when any unit is transferred from the Developer to a third party), a Scheme must be controlled by rules.
- [Meet Rudolf Willemse](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-rudolf-willemse/) - Meet Rudolf Willemse. He has completed the UCT Sectional Title Development Course & UCT (Law@Work) Sectional Title Scheme Management Course.
- [Water glorious water](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/water-glorious-water/) - Municipalities in South Africa are responsible for ensuring that their residents have access to water. It is our responsibility not to waste the water.
- [Trustee remuneration – what’s the deal?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustee-remuneration-whats-the-deal/) - Trustees put a lot of time and effort into scheme management, yet often receive no remuneration. This article looks at trustee remuneration.
- [Geyser insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/geyser-insurance/) - Geysers are big challenges for insurers, underwriting managers and trustees wishing to manage their premiums. Roughly 70% of all claims are geyser related.
- [The history of the Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-history-of-the-sectional-title-survival-manual/) - Before the UCT (Law@Work) Sectional Title Scheme Management Course, before Paddocks, was the Sectional Title Handbook (Sectional Title Survival Manual).
- [Farewell to Jennifer Paddock](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/farewell-to-jennifer-paddock/) - Jennifer Paddock has gone from strength to strength in all aspects of her life. After many years of studying, she has just been admitted as an attorney
- [Creating exclusive use rights](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/creating-exclusive-use-rights/) - There are two options open to developers and owners for creating exclusive use rights for particular areas of common property. Click here to view them.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-04/) - Click to view questions asked and answers given by Jennifer Paddock, including: Levy stabilisation fund?, Geyser insurance?, Onset of levy payments? & more!
- [Meet Bridget Bakker](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-bridget-bakker/) - Bridget Bakker has completed 6 Paddocks online courses! "Paddocks courses are so pertinent to my profession. Actually, they are tailor made". Read more!
- [Amendment of PMR 39(2) - A start to using digital delivery technology?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/amendment-of-pmr-392-a-beginning-to-use-of-digital-delivery-technologies-2/) - Department of Rural Development and Land Reform amended the Sectional Titles Act. Financial docs must be sent to bondholders, but there is no provision of how.
- [Introduction to Sectional Titles | Part 1](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/introduction-to-sectional-titles-part-1/) - This is part 1 of a 3-part series where Prof. Graham Paddock explains what Sectional Title schemes are in depth. Click here for more!
- [Introduction to Sectional Titles | Part 2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/introduction-to-sectional-titles-part-2/) - This is part 2 of a 3-part series where Prof. Graham Paddock explains what Sectional Title schemes are in depth. Click here for more!
- [Introduction to Sectional Titles | Part 3](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/introduction-to-sectional-titles-part-3/) - This is part 3 of a 3-part series where Prof. Graham Paddock explains Sectional Title Schemes in depth. Click here for more!
- [The history of the UCT STSM course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-history-of-the-uct-stsm-course/) - For the last 10 years, the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management course has driven the Paddocks' growth. But where did it come from? How did everything start?
- [Meet Colin Grenfell](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-colin-grenfell/) - Colin Grenfell already has completed 4 courses: the standard & advanced UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management, Sectional Title Bookkeeping and HOA Management.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-05/) - View questions asked & answers given by Jennifer Paddock, including: New owner’s entitlement to attend meetings?, Adding a pool to excusive use areas & more!
- [Green your scheme by recycling](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/green-your-scheme-by-recycling/) - How can we reduce the amount of rubbish our scheme’s units produce? Recycling. Here, we will define the steps to implement a recycling program.
- [A feasible composting solution for sectional title unit occupants](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/a-feasible-composting-solution-for-sectional-title-unit-occupants/) - or people living in sectional title schemes looking to compost their organic waste, there is an odour-free solution for sectional title occupants: red worms.
- [Meet Myburgh Brink](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-myburgh-brink/) - Myburgh Brink is a regular on Sectional Titles Online and he has completed a number of courses presented by Paddocks. Get to know him better, here.
- [Paddocks’ family ties | About Rob and Sam](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-family-ties-about-rob-and-sam/) - Paddocks is a family business. Paddocks was started by Prof Graham Paddock and Mandy in 2005. Here’s how Sam and Rob are involved.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-06/) - Click to view questions asked and answers given from Jennifer Paddock, including: Contractually obligating owners? Roof in dire need of repair? AGM's?
- [Does accounting practice still make us “GAAP”?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/does-accounting-practice-still-make-us-gaap/) - SA has been aligning itself with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). We will soon stop using Generally Accepted Accounting Practices (GAAP).
- [Be safe online](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/be-safe-online/) - To protect internet users, GetSmarter - Paddocks’ sister firm - has compiled an online safety guide that details what you can do to keep yourself safe.
- [Q&A - 2016 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-03/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Levy contributions authorised by trustee resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/levy-contributions-authorised-by-trustee-resolution/) - Consideration, confirmation or variation of an itemised estimate of the anticipated income and expenses of the body corporate for the ensuing year.
- [Substitution of rules by the body corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/substitution-of-rules-by-the-body-corporate/) - The body corporate has some flexibility in adopting new and different rules, subject to certain limitations.
- [Light at the end of the energy efficiency tunnel](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/light-at-the-end-of-the-energy-efficiency-tunnel/) - With all these appliances and lights, it got Rob Paddock thinking about the importance of using energy efficient appliances & lighting. Here, he unpacks this.
- [The challenges of sectional title in the low-cost sector](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-challenges-of-sectional-title-in-the-low-cost-sector/) - Management, maintenance, co-operation, levies and rules all require understanding and commitment to make a Sectional Title Scheme efficient.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-07/) - Click here to view questions and answers with Jennifer Paddock: AGM meetings notes?, Nominations and proxies?, No one wants to be a trustee? Read more.
- [Meet Tracey du Plessis](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-tracey-du-plessis/) - Tracey du Plessis, portfolio manager at Constantia Sectional Title Management and Paddocks student, came upon her career by chance! Read more here.
- [Capital of nature or capital punishment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/capital-of-nature-or-capital-punishment/) - Running the finances of a body corporate should be based on sound financial principles. The objective of a body corporate is to generate reserves and funds.
- [Trustee nominations and election](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustee-nominations-and-election/) - Nominations of trustees at annual general meetings should be given 48 hours before the meeting. If insufficient nominations, they can be given at the meeting.
- [Sectional Title investor tips](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-investor-tips/) - There are different motivations for purchasing sectional title units as investments. We cannot offer advice for all in one article, but we can look at a few.
- [Q&A with Jennifer Paddock - 2010 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-jennifer-paddock-2010-08/) - Click here to view some questions and answers from Jennifer Paddock: Contravening the conduct rules?, Outstanding levies? , Hot water installation issues?
- [Mandy Paddock - The office mum](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/mandy-paddock-the-office-mum/) - Mandy Paddock is the wife of Prof Graham Paddock. In many ways, literal and figurative, she is the “office mum”. Click here to view more about Mandy.
- [Who pays for balcony waterproofing repairs?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-pays-for-balcony-waterproofing-repairs/) - Problems can arise if a balcony’s waterproof layer is damaged or degenerates, causing water seepage into the section or onto the balcony below.
- [Candice Jooste - Our coordinating queen](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/candice-jooste-our-coordinating-queen/) - Candice Jooste has been looking after Paddocks students since 2008. Candice has grown the course coordination department and now manages the Coordination team.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2010 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2010-09/) - Click here to view an examples of a question on the discussion forum of the Paddocks Club: Trustee resolution without owner permission? Click to view more.
- [Geysers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/geysers/) - In this article, I hope to explain what a geyser is, how it works and a few things you should look out for. Click here to view more.
- [Amending scheme rules step by step](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/amending-scheme-rules-step-by-step/) - Developers can amend prescribed rules upon scheme opening. Body corporates can amend rules at a later date. View the correct procedures when amending rules.
- [M.D. Mitchell v Die Beheerliggaam RNS Mansions – Simplifying a compounded issue](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/md-mitchell-v-die-beheerliggaam-rns-mansions-simplifying-a-compounded-issue/) - Levy defaulters contest the liability to pay compound interest. View the High Court's ruling in Mandy David Mitchell v Die Beheerliggaam RNS Mansions case.
- [Electricity bills | Are you prepared for the increase?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/electricity-bills-are-you-prepared-for-the-increase/) - Eskom announced a rate increase and new usage inclining block tariffs – which means that the more you use, the more you pay for each unit of electricity.
- [Sectional title insurance – The role of the trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-insurance-the-role-of-the-trustees/) - Trustees should take care in dealing with insurance. They should be aware of the four statutory functions of a body corporate in respect of the insurance.
- [Parking in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/parking-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Owners can buy a unit with a parking bay. This does not mean the buyer owns the bay. A parking bay can be subject to one of 2 types of exclusive use rights
- [Geysers | Part 2](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/geysers-part-2/) - In Paddocks Press, we usually don't promote products or services. However, after investigation, we found a company that has made breakthroughs in geyser tech
- [Meet Craig Pape](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-craig-pape/) - From pro golfer to Sectional Title Manager: Craig Pape has undergone an big career change. He shares a bit about this shift & his favourite Paddocks courses.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2010 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2010-10/) - Click to view examples of two questions on the Discussion Forum of the Paddocks Club: Problems with development not selling well?, & Inaugural scheme costs?
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2010 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2010-11/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum of the Paddocks Club: Voting in layered schemes? & Levy for undeveloped units?
- [Enclosing balconies in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/enclosing-balconies-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Click to view questions and considerations trustees need to take into account when considering a balcony enclosure applications for sectional title schemes.
- [Meet Carmel David](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-carmel-david/) - Carmel David is completing the Sectional Title Scheme Management course and will be attending the Johannesburg workshop. Here, she shares a bit about herself.
- [Rental diversions where landlords are in arrears with levies?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/rental-diversions-where-landlords-are-in-arrears-with-levies/) - The association can secure the diversion of rent from the tenant of a defaulting unit owner to the association to settle the levy arrears. Click for more.
- [Mixed use, multi-layered developments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/mixed-use-multi-layered-developments/) - Large property developments have a single management body, or property owners’ association, that has subsidiary schemes that cater for development needs.
- [Wishing you a Happy Festive Season](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/wishing-you-a-happy-festive-season/) - Our team at Paddocks would like to wish everyone a very happy and restful Festive Season, and a prosperous new year!
- [Management Rule 64(a) now missing some teeth](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/management-rule-64a-now-missing-some-teeth/) - Rule 64(a) in The Prescribed Management Rules under Regulations to Sectional Titles Act 95 is a strong weapon in a sectional title body corporate’s arsenal.
- [Signing body corporate documents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/signing-body-corporate-documents/) - No document signed on behalf of this body corporate, shall be binding unless it is signed by a trustee and the managing agent or by two trustees & the agent.
- [Create a garden path with pavers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/create-a-garden-path-with-pavers/) - Paving is often the cheapest way to clean up your garden walkway. If you are considering paving an area, it is advisable to get a professional.
- [Meet Nohlene Kieck: The sectional title chartered accountant](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-nohlene-kieck-the-sectional-title-chartered-accountant/) - Nohlene is a chartered accountant (CA). She has completed 2 courses with Paddocks– UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management & Sectional Title Bookkeeping course.
- [Creating a home owners’ association](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/creating-a-home-owners-association/) - How is a home owners’ association (HOA) created? Click here to view three main steps outlined in the article.
- [Dealing with insurance claims](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/dealing-with-insurance-claims/) - Dealing with insurance claims is a misunderstood area in sectional title. Knowing the basics help owners and trustees manage their expectations.Click for more
- [Meet Jennifer Gerhard](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-jennifer-gerhard/) - Jennifer, a portfolio manager, has over 20 years of experience in the property industry & has learned new things from Paddocks courses taken. Click for more.
- [Personal liability of executives of home owners’ associations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/personal-liability-of-executives-of-home-owners-associations/) - It is unusual for executives of home owners’ associations to be held liable for a HOA failure. HOA executives act for and on behalf of the association.
- [Sectional Titles Act management provisions amended](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-titles-act-management-provisions-amended/) - Sectional Titles Amendment Act was published. Some issues are “technical adjustments”, the others categorized as issues without implication & with implications
- [Stilus' Santam Insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/stilus-santam-insurance/) - The Stilus ‘Levy Underwriting Security” of Santam at first glance it seems to be a new form of levy finance product, but in fact is “guarantee insurance”.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-02/) - Click to view examples of questions on the discussion forum of Paddocks Club: Petitions and controlling the managing agent? & Change of round robin vote?
- [The anatomy of a property bubble](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-anatomy-of-a-property-bubble/) - Property bubbles seem like strange things: if everyone wants to buy and build better property, why should this cause the prices and investments to crash?
- [Paddocks Club](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-club-2/) - Paddocks Club offers its members an opportunity to be part of an exclusive mutually supportive learning community& provide resources,expert support &coaching.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-03/) - Click here to view 2 examples on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: What if owners are not informed of levies raised?, & No vote / forming a quorum?
- [The trustees’ responsibilities relative to the audited financial statements](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-trustees-responsibilities-relative-to-the-audited-financial-statements/) - Trustees shall prepare, and lay before every annual general meeting, a financial statement which presents the state of affairs of the body corporate.
- [The right to privacy](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-right-to-privacy/) - Everyone has the right to not to have their person or home searched; property searched; possessions seized; or the privacy of their communications infringed.
- [Can a trustee also be appointed as a caretaker?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-a-trustee-also-be-appointed-as-a-caretaker/) - Trustees are empowered to employ a caretaker. In terms of section 38(a) of the Act, the body corporate has the power to appoint such agents and employees.
- [Q&A - 2016 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-02/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Threat to the financial stability of home owners' associations averted!](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/threat-to-the-financial-stability-of-home-owners-associations-averted/) - Home owners associations (HOA's) have solely relied on the conditions registered against title deeds for ensuring collection of monies owed to them.View more.
- [How green are you?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-green-are-you/) - Win 6 bottles of sparkling wine: Upload a picture of yourself on our Facebook page, wearing all green, with a copy of your Sectional Title Survival Manual.
- [Q&A - 2016 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2016-01/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Trust money, trust accounts and managing agents - what are the basic rules?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trust-money-trust-accounts-and-managing-agents-what-are-the-basic-rules/) - Since 1981 Managing Agents that collect or receive levies for a Body Corporate or a Share Block Company have been defined as Estate Agents.
- [Maintenance in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/maintenance-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - There are 3 classes of sectional property that must be maintained. Unregulated common property, the sections, & exclusive use common property.
- [Flat improvements on a budget](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/flat-improvements-on-a-budget/) - Do you own your own flat? Are you renting? You can make internal improvements without breaking the bank or losing your “investment” when the lease runs out.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-04/) - View 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Disconnection of electricity for non-payment? & Insurance claim to get developer to pay levies?
- [Overview of the Community Scheme Ombud Service Bill, 2010](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/overview-of-the-community-scheme-ombud-service-bill-2010/) - The Community Scheme Ombud Service Bill was approved by the Portfolio Committee on Human Settlements. Click to see what the Bill,“community schemes”,includes.
- [The effect of exchange rates on the property market](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-effect-of-exchange-rates-on-the-property-market/) - The exchange rate is the price of buying foreign currency. The effect of the exchange rate on property will depend on whether the market is foreign or local.
- [Who pays the costs related to exclusive use areas?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/who-pays-the-costs-related-to-exclusive-use-areas/) - Owners in sectional titles schemes are responsible for the repair of their property sections but share general costs of running the scheme. Click for more.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-05/) - Click to view questions on Paddocks Club: Voting by spouses married in & out of community of property? & Liability of medical expenses from injury on property?
- [President signs Scheme Management and Ombud Acts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/president-signs-scheme-management-and-ombud-acts/) - Sectional Title News! On 11 June 2011, President Jacob Zuma signed the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act and the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act.
- [Absentee owners and tenants](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/absentee-owners-and-tenants/) - Owners who rent out their units may be motivated by profit. This excludes them from the lives of residents who have to endure bad behaviour of certain tenants.
- [Companies Act 2008 - From CIPRO to CIPC](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/companies-act-2008-from-cipro-to-cipc/) - From 1 May 2011, CIPRO is no more. The new Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC) has taken over the functions of both the OCIPE and CIPRO.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-06/) - Click to view examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: AGM required if scheme under admin? & How to approve a solar geyser installation?
- [Making and amending rules in a sectional title scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/making-and-amending-rules-in-a-sectional-title-scheme/) - The Act stipulates that a unanimous resolution is required to amend or create a management rule and a special resolution is required for a conduct rule.
- [Termination of a managing agent’s contract](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/termination-of-a-managing-agents-contract/) - In Sectional Title Schemes, some owners are unhappy with managing agents. They want the agent removed and a different one appointed. Is this possible and if so?
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-07/) - View examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Trustee's advocate present at trustee meetings, & Agreement on change of ownership.
- [Meet Leandra Mouton](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-leandra-mouton/) - Leandra has completed two Paddocks courses, the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management course & Home Owners’ Association Management course. Read more here.
- [50 Years of Australian Strata Titles](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/50-years-of-australian-strata-titles/) - Since we’ve just celebrated the 50th anniversary of strata title in Australia, it’s timely to look at its history and development. Click here for more.
- [Ritual slaughter](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/ritual-slaughter/) - What would you do if a ritual slaughter took place in the unit next to you in your property complex? The ritual slaughter is included in the Constitution.
- [Employment contracts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/employment-contracts/) - Most sectional title schemes will deal with employment contracts. Click here to view six tips for writing an effective employment contract.
- [Town planning and building plans](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/town-planning-and-building-plans/) - There are several ways in which a body corporate, zoning schemes (town planning) and the submission of building plans are linked. Click here to find out how!
- [Units in continual disrepair](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/units-in-continual-disrepair/) - The body corporate maintains the common property, owners maintain their sections. The body corporate can maintain to a section if the owner fails to do so.
- [Erecting carports](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/erecting-carports/) - How does an owner in a sectional title scheme go about getting a carport erected over the parking bay that he or she uses? What approval is required?
- [The taxation of community schemes revisited](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-taxation-of-community-schemes-revisited/) - There is some confusion on which tax approach or compliance is needed but, the current practice note 8 is the basis on which community schemes are taxed.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-09/) - View examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: New owners and special levies, & Can architectural guidelines be in an amendable document?
- [Amendment to the prescribed management rules - Part one](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/amendment-to-the-prescribed-management-rules-part-one/) - The prescribed management rules have been amended. Listen to Graham’s Paddocks Club video explanation of these PMR changes and how they will affect you
- [Suing the HOA Management board](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/suing-the-hoa-management-board/) - Is it possible to sue the Home Owner's Association management board for not running the HOA correctly? Would it be advisable?
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-10/) - Click to view examples of 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: When can trustees cancel managing agent contract, & Developer’s voting rights
- [Meet Kippie Ncube](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-kippie-ncube/) - Kippie has completed 3 Paddocks courses: the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management course, Sectional Title Bookkeeping course & HOA's Management course
- [Paddocks Club](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-club-3/) - The Paddocks Club is an online support & learning platform for sectional title, home owners’ association, other community scheme owners & service providers
- [Disclosure of members contact details](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/disclosure-of-members-contact-details/) - It happens that a member in a sectional title scheme or a home owners’ association (HOA) asks for the contact details for all the other members in the scheme.
- [Short term letting in holiday season](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/short-term-letting-in-holiday-season/) - There are 3 principles in sectional title legislation that could have a bearing on short-term letting: use, nuisance & the binding nature of scheme rules.
- [AGM Season](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/agm-season/) - It’s that time of the financial year again, where preparation for the annual audit should soon be underway for the upcoming AGM.
- [Revised rules for levies and budgets](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/revised-rules-for-levies-and-budgets/) - The budget must be prepared & submitted to the AGM prior to the start of the financial year, so trustees can ensure the scheme has resources to run effectively
- [Promotion of Access to Information Act Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/promotion-of-access-to-information-act-manual/) - Non-government bodies, which include sectional titles schemes, home owners’ associations, managing agencies etc. need to submit a PAIA Manual by 31 Dec 2011
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2011 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2011-12/) - Click to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Remuneration of owner, trustee, employee, & Unallocated levy payments.
- [Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-survival-manual-3/) - The Sectional Title Survival Manual is a legal reference book for South Africa. It covers management agent, owner & tenant information. Read more!
- [Paddocks Press - July 2014](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2014/) - Click here to view the Paddocks Newsletter which covers pets in sectional title schemes, approving changes to common property, financial year-end & more.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2014](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2014/) - Click here to view this newsletter edition, which covers Body Corporates lending money to employees, liability for levies when units change hands & more!
- [Paddocks Press - September 2014](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2014-5/) - View this edition of the newsletter, which covers body corporate & surplus funds, chairpersons in sectional titles, swimming pools in schemes & more.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2014](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2014/) - Click here to view topics which cover Trustees Contracting with Third Parties on Behalf of the Body Corporate, An Efficient Managing Agency Market & more!
- [Paddocks Press - November 2014](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2014/) - Click here to view the newsletter which covers Community Schemes Ombud Services, general meetings, managing agents and tenants in sectional title schemes.
- [Paddocks Press - December 2014](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2014/) - Click here to view advice regarding updating your Home Owners' Association Memorandum of Incorporation, how to ensure that your section is insured, & more!
- [Paddocks Press - January 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2015/) - The end of January brings with it one month until the default body corporate financial year end. Click here to read more about scheme finances & more!
- [Paddocks Press - February 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2015-2/) - This edition of the Paddocks Press Newsletter covers sectional title insurance, short-term renting, the POPI Act & sectional titles and more.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2015/) - Click to view our Newsletter, which covers Community Schemes Ombud Services, Managing Agent Duties, All Things “Special” in Sectional Title & pet stories.
- [Paddocks Press - April 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2015/) - Click here to view a video introducing Zerlinda as a Specialist Community Schemes Consultant & extracts from the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Paddocks Press - July 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2015/) - View the new and improved Paddocks Press here! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [Online Private Consulting now available](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/online-private-consulting-now-available/) - Paddocks Club is an online learning community for those involved in sectional title & community schemes. This consulting service is available to everyone!
- [Swimming pool insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/swimming-pool-insurance/) - More stringent protections & rules around swimming pools have been implemented. Property owners should investigate all insurance policies. Read more!
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-01/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Arrear levies for a rented unit, & Owner worried about HOA insolvency
- [Newsletter](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/newsletter-2/) - Click here to sign up for the Paddocks Press Newsletter now! Get all your sectional title and Home Owner's Association news here.
- [Older building included as a section in a new scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/older-building-included-as-a-section-in-a-new-scheme/) - Two of three effects of the participation quota may be changed. It is not possible to change the share in the common property allocated to each section.
- [How many proxies can one person hold?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-many-proxies-can-one-person-have/) - Can a person can hold more than 2 proxies? Yes, there is no limit at the moment, as the Sectional Titles proxy limitation has not come into effect.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-02/) - View examples of 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Shareblock company representative/proxies, & Who must pay–garage & lobby doors clash
- [Sectional title tenancy and the effect of the PIE Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-tenancy-and-the-effect-of-the-pie-act/) - What powers would a body corporate have if owners introduce an amendment to the rules that provides for control over leases, including the right to evict?
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-03/) - Click to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Suing to recover trustee payments, & Can trustees change constitution?
- [Fiduciary duties of HOA executives](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/fiduciary-duties-of-hoa-executives/) - Common law states that a Home Owners’ Association executive has a legal relationship to their HOA. They owe it a duty of reasonable skill & confidentiality.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-04/) - Click to view 2 examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; Are owners disqualified from voting? and Cleaning of Gutters & Outside Windows
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-05/) - Click to view examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; Who pays for replacement of rivets on windows? & Financial statements not audited.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 8 of 2011](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-8-of-2011/) - The Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 8 was signed by the President in 2011. The Act provides for the establishment of bodies corporate. Click for more.
- [Taxation of community schemes by SARS (Part 2)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/taxation-of-community-schemes-by-sars-part-2/) - Here, we continue to look at the taxation of community schemes in terms of SARS’ new Interpretation Note 64, which has replaced SARS’ Practice Note 8.
- [Building on common property in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/building-on-common-property-in-sectional-title/) - If a group of owners wish to build on a common property in a Sectional Title scheme, what are the steps required to make this happen? Click here to view more.
- [Preparing sectional title AGM documents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/preparing-sectional-title-agm-documents/) - Video: Watch Professor Graham Paddock explain sectional title scheme AGM documents in this 4 minute video.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-06/) - Click to view examples of 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Can HOA trustees specify criteria for tenants? & Recount of votes for trustees.
- [Homeowners' Associations - Building penalties](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/homeowners-associations-building-penalties/) - Before purchasing within a HOA, ensure that you have read and understood the provisions of the HOA’s Constitution or Memorandum of Incorporation.
- [Taxation of community schemes by SARS (Part 3)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/taxation-of-community-schemes-by-sars-part-3/) - View an example of the application of SARS’ Interpretation Note 64 (ID 64). The old practice note 8 used to tax community schemes has been replaced with ID 64.
- [Breach of fiduciary duties of HOA executives](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/breach-of-fiduciary-duties-of-hoa-executives/) - This article looks at remedies for a breach of Home Owners Association fiduciary duties. When members believe there has been a breach, they have 3 options.
- [Trustees removing unauthorised additions to the common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustees-removing-unauthorised-additions-to-the-common-property/) - Section owners are not allowed to interfere with common property. Trustees must reasonably decide if the addition is needed & if not, remove from the property.
- [Graham Paddock releases two keenly anticipated books](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/graham-paddock-releases-two-keenly-anticipated-books/) - Mr Paddock, sectional title and home owners’ association lawyer released 2 books– Sectional Title Meetings Handbook & Home Owners’ Association Survival Manual.
- [How to allow owners to maintain common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-to-allow-owners-to-maintain-common-property/) - One of the functions of a sectional title body corporate is to maintain the common property, including common property machinery, plant (in the machinery context), fixtures and fittings. This provision makes total sense because it removes the possibility of neglect of the common property by owners unwilling or unable to do their share of maintenance.
- [Substitution of the prescribed rules by the developer](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/substitution-of-the-prescribed-rules-by-the-developer/) - The prescribed management and conduct rules contained in Annexure 8 and 9 of the Regulations made under the Sectional Titles Act 95 of 1986 (“the Act”) need not apply in exactly the prescribed form to every new scheme. A developer has some flexibility in determining the content of the rules. The Regulations provide two circumstances
- [Retaining walls vs boundary walls](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/retaining-walls-vs-boundary-walls/) - In terms of property insurance, retaining walls represent a higher risk to an Insurer. While cover is available, it must be issued separately. Click for more.
- [Mending Fences](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/mending-fences/) - A Durban High Court case dealt with the responsibility for repairing a seriously damaged “garden wall” located in a registered EUA. Click here to read more.
- [Q&A - 2014 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-02/) - Click here to view questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club, including geyser maintainence on common property, & can trustees force owners to upgrade.
- [PMR 31 and special levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/pmr-31-and-special-levies/) - Prescribed Management Rule 31(4) states that a special levy can be raised by trustees, for an expense that is necessary and was not catered for in the budget.
- [How the trustee system works: Trustee decisions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-the-trustee-system-works-trustee-decisions/) - Functions of the body corporate are performed by trustees. However, some decisions trustees can’t make; ones that are required to be made at a general meeting.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-07/) - Click here to view examples of 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Protection of minority owners in a scheme, & Paying exterior maintenance.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-08/) - Click here to view example of 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Payments to a neighbourhood watch, & Trustee in arrears with levies.
- [Solving disputes with neighbours in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/solving-disputes-with-neighbours-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Owners must maintain their property. You can claim against another owner if you can prove their failure to maintain their section caused damage to your own.
- [The Consumer Protection Act and Managing Agents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-consumer-protection-act-and-managing-agents/) - The Consumer Protection Agent promotes fair conduct. A Managing Agent who contracts to deliver management services to Bodies Corporate is a Service Supplier.
- [Stop Living in the Dark Ages: Online Meetings in Sectional Title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/nicole-tester-article-1/) - Everything is moving online. There is no reason why trustee & owner meetings cannot be held online. Click for important considerations for online meetings.
- [New plumbing certificate of compliance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/new-plumbing-certificate-of-compliance/) - The City of Cape Town has released a Property Sales by-law. A Plumbing Certificate Of Compliance is now needed when a property is being sold. Click for more.
- [Paddocks Club - The growing community](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-club-the-growing-community/) - The Paddocks Club, headed by Prof Graham Paddock, helps members get answers to questions about sectional title, home owners’ associations and more!
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-09/) - Click to view examples of 2questions on Paddocks Club: Is a solar geyser seen as a luxurious improvement to property,& can the trustees approve the addition?
- [New plumbing certificate of compliance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/new-plumbing-certificate-of-compliance-2/) - The City of Cape Town has released a new Property Sales by-law. A Plumbing Certificate Of Compliance is needed when a property is being sold. Click for more.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-10/) - Click here to view 2 questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Who must pay excess on geyser claim?, & Trustee responsibility of rising damp.
- [How private is your section after all?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/how-private-is-your-section-after-all/) - You have the right to control who comes onto your property, to a limited extent. Officials of the municipality, Telkom & the police may enter your property.
- [2012 Proposed Amendments to the Sectional Titles Act, 1986 explained](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/2012-proposed-amendments-to-the-sectional-titles-act-1986-explained/) - The 2012 Proposed Amendments to the Sectional Titles Act, 1986. Click here for a brief outline of the proposed amendments to 11 sections of the Act.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-12/) - Click for 2 examples of questions on Paddocks Club discussion forum: Can Conduct Rules be amended without 75% consent & unauthorised fence on common property
- [Water damage seeping into downstairs flat](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/water-damage-seeping-into-downstairs-flat/) - Water is an insured peril and the body corporate should have a valid claim for the damage caused & parties should deal with the excess applicable.
- [What can an owner achieve by attending the AGM?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/what-can-an-owner-achieve-by-attending-the-agm/) - Attending the AGM is the sectional title owners’ only real chance of influencing how their scheme is run. Here, members can discuss how their money was spent.
- [End of Transition Period for compliance with new Companies Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/end-of-transition-period-for-compliance-with-new-companies-act/) - The new Companies Act came into force on 1 May 2011. Provisions of the HOA’s MOI that are in conflict with the Act will automatically be void from 1 May 2013.
- [Levies on an equal “per owner" basis](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/levies-on-an-equal-per-ownerq-basis/) - Sectional Titles Act provides that common expenses must be recovered from owners in accordance with the participation quotas allocated to the sections owned.
- [Property's unique investment characteristics](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/propertys-unique-investment-characteristics/) - Before investing money in property, ask yourself: why are you doing it? Is it to make money, or to store money? Click to view more about both these options.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2013 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2013-01/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Directors and payment, & Individual electricity meters.
- [Choosing a good managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/choosing-a-good-managing-agent/) - Click to view a checklist for selecting a good managing agent. Once a managing agent is chosen, make sure the contract specifies exactly what they are to do.
- [Occupational Health & Safety: Mandatory or money-making gimmick?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/occupational-health-a-safety-mandatory-or-money-making-gimmick/) - Trustees should take steps to ensure that the health & safety specifications are prepared and, during the course of the renovations, the contractors comply.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2013 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2013-02/) - Click to view examples of 2 questions on Paddocks Club: Can Masters office limit Body Corporates’ claim for levies?, & Who pays for replacement of door bolt?
- [Paddocks portfolio has grown](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-portfolio-has-grown/) - Paddocks announces Short Learning Programme initiative –a series of part-time online short courses to increase the competence of sectional title providers.
- [Effective management is the backbone of a good scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/effective-management-is-the-backbone-of-a-good-scheme/) - A well-run scheme is always due to good management. For all persons involved in a sectional title schemes, click to view some points for a successful scheme.
- [Maintenance to a section in continued disrepair](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/maintenance-to-a-section-in-continued-disrepair/) - The obligation to maintain and repair sections is the owners. Prescribed management rules give body corporates the discretion to make repairs if owners fail.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2013 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2013-03/) - Click here for examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club: Difference in charges for parking? & Renting part of the common property?
- [Q&A - 2015 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-10/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Body corporates claim to the arrear sectional levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporates-claim-to-the-arrear-sectional-levies/) - The insolvency law is to regulate the extent of payment. The body corporate will not recover its full claim for arrear levies if there are insufficient funds.
- [Share block and sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/share-block-and-sectional-title/) - Many share block schemes have been converted to sectional title. As a community scheme, a share block will be subject to the Community Schemes Ombud Service.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2013 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2013-04/) - Click here to view an example of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; Are the trustees liable for owners’ safety, & conflict of HOA/ST pet rules.
- [Preventing fires in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/preventing-fires-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - The Sectional Titles Act includes an obligation to insure scheme property and to keep them insured to the replacement value against fire and such other risks.
- [Sectional title sales and transactions are complex](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-sales-and-transactions-are-complex/) - Sectional property sales & transactions are complex because dealings require a degree of permission or cooperation from the sectional owners. Click for more.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2013 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2013-05/) - Click here to view two examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; Damage from overflowing storm water drain, & Levies paid in advance
- [Q&A - 2014 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2014-10/) - Click here to view examples of questions on the discussion forum; Insuring Exclusive Use Area structures, & Non-Resident Owner’s Right of Access
- [Tribute to Gerhard Jooste](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/tribute-to-gerhard-jooste/) - After 12 years at NAMA, Dr Gerhard Jooste decided that it is time to retire as chairman. He promoted the professionalisation of the managing agency industry.
- [Sectional title insurance advice](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-insurance-advice/) - Sectional Title Insurance policies typically renew annually. Trustees & managers must insist on a written letter of advice with analysis upon policy renewal.
- [Battered Rule 31, the most significant of the prescribed management rules?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/battered-rule-31-the-most-significant-of-the-prescribed-management-rules/) - Rule 31 specifies that the default proportion for payment of scheme expenses is calculated according to the participation quota in sectional title schemes.
- [The Tenant-landlord-body corporate triangle](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-tenant-landlord-body-corporate-triangle/) - There is a relationship between the landlord and the tenant, tenant and the leased property, & the tenant and the body corporate of a sectional title scheme.
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2013 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2013-06/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; No trustees elected for new year, & Can a BC rent adjoining property?
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2013 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2013-07/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; Section 25 right lapsed, & Missing an Annual General Meeting
- [Communication between Managing Agents, trustees and owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/communication-between-managing-agents-trustees-and-owners/) - Regular & transparent communication, facilitated by trustees and directors, is a critical success factor for communal living in sectional title schemes.
- [Q&A - 2013 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2013-08/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; Stuck in an overloaded lift, who pays? & Exclusive Use Areas: Parking.
- [Body corporate trustees and managing agents make or break sectional title developments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporate-trustees-and-managing-agents-make-or-break-sectional-title-developments/) - The success or failure of sectional title schemes is dependent on the body corporate trustees and their managing agents. Click here to read more.
- [Q&A - 2013 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2013-09/) - Click here to view examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; employment of managing agents during financial year, & HOA AGM over Skype
- [Special levies – What for? Who decides? Who pays?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/special-levies-what-for-who-decides-who-pays/) - Most who buy sectional title units understand very little about the liabilities to this property ownership. The one they have heard about is the special levy.
- [National Association of Managing Agents: Indaba](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/national-association-of-managing-agents-indaba/) - Wine and property merged at Molenvliet Wine Estate when the National Association of Managing Agents held their bi-annual Indaba over two days in Stellenbosch.
- [Q&A - 2013 10](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2013-10/) - Click here to view examples of 2 questions on Paddocks Club; Light outside, switch inside – who is responsible? & Illegal alterations to common property.
- [Mystrata and Paddocks announce South African partnership](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/mystrata-and-paddocks-announce-south-african-partnership/) - Mystrata announced that it has signed a partnership agreement with Paddocks for the sectional title and home owners’ association industry in South Africa.
- [Parking: How far are trustees allowed to go](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/parking-how-far-are-trustees-allowed-to-go/) - Article:We often categorise the issues we experience in sectional title schemes as the “three ‘P’s’ of sectional title living”, namely pets, parking and people.
- [Unpacking geyser maintenance and cost responsibilities](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/unpacking-geyser-maintenance-and-cost-responsibilities/) - Article:There is an inevitable cost of geyser maintenance and replacement: the owner concerned is liable for anything the body corporate’s insurer does not pay!
- [Q&A - 2013 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2013-11/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; Owners Quorum, & Reduction in levy queries.
- [Exclusive use - the technicalities and what they mean for owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/exclusive-use-the-technicalities-and-what-they-mean-for-owners/) - The concept of exclusive use in sectional title schemes is not always as understood and it should be, for three reasons. Click here to read more.
- [Common property maintenance versus improvement and their authorisation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/common-property-maintenance-versus-improvement-and-their-authorisation/) - The distinction between maintenance & improvement to common property is not always clear. Maintenance keeps it in its original state, improvements upgrade it.
- [Q&A - 2013 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2013-12/) - Click here to view examples of two question on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; prospective trustee in arrears, & illegal alterations to common property.
- [Q&A - 2014 01](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-01/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club; balcony enclosure, and proxy forms for annual general meeting questions.
- [Paddocks welcomes Carryn Melissa Durham](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-welcomes-carryn-durham/) - Paddocks is excited to welcome a new member to the legal team, Carryn Melissa Durham. We sat down with Carryn to ask her questions. Click here to read more.
- [The Carrot and Stick Approach: Early Levy Payment Discounts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-carrot-and-stick-approach-early-levy-payment-discounts/) - Sectional title schemes and homeowners’ associations which offer owners a positive incentive to pay their levies before due date is permissible.
- [VAT relative to HOAs and bodies corporate - Updated](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/vat-relative-to-hoas-and-bodies-corporate-updated/) - Home owners’ associations which are currently registered as VAT vendors may elect to continue as before, or de-register as a VAT vendors.
- [Q&A - 2014 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-06/) - Click here to view two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club about exclusive use gardens and what one can do about unnecessary special levies.
- [The Rental Housing Act and House Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-rental-housing-act-and-house-rules/) - The Rental Housing Act requires landlords to attach house rules to written leases. The rules must be attached as an annexure, or as a part of the actual lease.
- [Q&A - 2014 03](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-03/) - Click to view examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club about the validity of owner directives, & un-submitted quotes for payments,
- [IT and sectional title scheme management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/it-and-sectional-title-scheme-management/) - These days, notices are being sent by email or SMS, trustee & general meetings are being held electronically, & body corporate can send the AGM pack by email.
- [Trustees: 10 Tips in Dealing with Sectional Title Insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustees-10-tips-in-dealing-with-sectional-title-insurance/) - Click here to view 10 tips in dealing with Sectional Title insurance. Trusteeship can seem like an overwhelming burden for someone who is a trustee!
- [Numbers, Numbers, Numbers...](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/numbers-numbers-numbers/) - It is important that community schemes accounting is simple & allows for owners to understand these reports, for informed decisions when managing the scheme.
- [Q&A - 2014 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-05/) - Click to view two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club - can Body Corporate make FDR holders contribute to a levy, & repair of interior damp.
- [The Importance of Waterproofing](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-importance-of-waterproofing/) - The body corporate insurance will cover damage to the building caused suddenly & unforeseeably. Damage caused over a period of time will not be covered.
- [Trustee Policies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/trustee-policies/) - What is the position regarding trustee rule-making? Trustees are not entitled to make scheme rules, but are allowed to make procedural policies. Click for more.
- [Permission to Keep Pets](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/permission-to-keep-pets/) - Three common issues in sectional title schemes are parking, people and pets. Trustees need to take care when considering an application to keep pets.
- [Conflicting Management and Conduct Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/conflicting-management-and-conduct-rules/) - What happens if a management rule says one thing and a conduct rule says, very nearly, the opposite? Click here to view the answer.
- [Financial Year End and Levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/financial-year-end-and-levies/) - Budgets must be prepared before the start of the financial year. What if the body corporate changes the financial year? What about uncollected levy claims?
- [Reduction in the Prescribed Rate of Interest](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/reduction-in-the-prescribed-rate-of-interest/) - Prescribed management rules allows trustees to charge interest on arrear amounts. But no rule sets the rate the trustees can charge on such overdue amounts.
- [Q&A - 2014 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-07/) - Click here to view two questions on the forum on Paddocks Club about blacklisting owners who do not pay their levies, & owners debited with arrear levies.
- [Body Corporate Functions: Insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporate-functions-insurance/) - The Sectional Titles Act regulates building insurance. Prescribed Management Rules deal with the insurance needs and they set out the trustees’ duties.
- [Q&A - 2014 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-08/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club about votes in duet schemes, and HOA control over cars in a complex.
- [Aspects of New HOAs the Initial Buyers Should Know](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/aspects-of-new-hoas-the-initial-buyers-should-know/) - This Paddocks Press article explains many aspects that initial buyers should know when buying in a new Homeowners Association.
- [Q&A - 2015 08](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-08/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Advantages of Arbitration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/advantages-of-arbitration/) - This Paddocks Press article explains that PMR 71 sets out a procedure for the determination of disputes by arbitration in sectional title schemes.
- [Q&A - 2014 09](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2014-09/) - Click to view two questions on the Discussion Forum on Paddocks Club; Is the body corporate responsible for this structural repair, & Inflation increase
- [Swimming Pools in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/swimming-pools-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - The consent requirements for the installation of a swimming pool sectional title scheme will differ depending on where the pool is placed. Click for more!
- [The Sectional Title Specialist Estate Agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent/) - Estate agents do their best to establish a good reputation by providing the information sellers & buyers need to make safe sales and purchases.
- [Selling Sectional Property off Plan](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/selling-sectional-property-off-plan/) - A knowledgeable agent selling off plan properties can do a lot to inform buyers. A specialist sectional estate agent knows of all the pitfalls & difficulties.
- [Are tenants subject to the sectional title scheme’s rules?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/are-tenants-subject-to-the-sectional-title-schemes-rules/) - Tenants are not part of the body corporate, but are members of the community. They should adhere to rules that deal with occupation issues. Click here for more.
- [Carryn’s Christmas Special](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/carryns-christmas-special/) - What would be reasonable for owners to tolerate in the holidays? Is the owner is entitled to erect Christmas lights? Click here to view these & more answers.
- [Make sure your section is adequately insured](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/make-sure-your-section-is-adequately-insured/) - The Sectional Titles Act requires the body corporate to insure the buildings to full replacement value against risks that are prescribed management rule 29.
- [Responsibilities in regard to exclusive use areas in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/responsibilities-in-regard-to-exclusive-use-areas-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Exclusive use is an agreement amongst all the owners in the scheme that a portion of their jointly-owned property will be used only by a specified owner.
- [Case Law Update: The Willow Waters Home Owners Association Case](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/investment-of-body-corporate-funds/) - Click here to find out how the Supreme Court passed judgement on a homeowners association’s right to prevent transfer when an owner is insolvent.
- [Q&A - 2015 02](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-01-2/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum; Lack of Parking, Who pays to replace an outlet pipe? View answers here.
- [Power to the People - Empowering Bodies Corporate to Install Generators in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/power-to-the-people-empowering-bodies-corporate-to-install-generators-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - what is required for bodies corporate to authorise alternative power sources, such as generators, in sectional title schemes? Click here to view the answer.
- [All Things “Special” in Sectional Title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/all-things-special-in-sectional-title/) - Click to view misinterpretations of special general meetings, special resolutions & special levies. These sectional title concepts are often misunderstood.
- [Special Levy Provision Time Line](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/special-levy-provision-time-line/) - The provisions empowering the trustees of sectional title schemes to raise a special levy have come & gone from the Sectional Titles Act & the rules.
- [Meet Zerlinda van der Merwe](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/meet-zerlinda-van-der-merwe/) - Click here to view a video on Zerlinda van der Merwe, who we have welcomed to the Paddocks team as a Specialist Community Schemes Consultant.
- [Q&A - 2015 05](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-05/) - Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum; Owner’s son fell on steps & Bricks stored on common property.
- [Some Aspects on the Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/some-aspects-on-the-annual-general-meeting/) - Meetings of property owners are called Annual General Meetings (AGM). Click to read 3 aspects of the AGM: When it is held, notice requirements, & the agenda.
- [The Levy Clearance Certificate: The Body Corporate’s Cheap & Effective Weapon](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-levy-clearance-certificate-the-body-corporates-cheap-effective-weapon/) - Read about the body corporate’s power to prevent the transfer of a unit if the selling owner owes any money to the body corporate, it's uses & more - here.
- [The Levy Clearance Certificate: The Body Corporate’s Cheap & Effective Weapon](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-levy-clearance-certificate-the-body-corporates-cheap-effective-weapon/) - Read about the body corporate’s power to prevent the transfer of a unit if the selling owner owes any money to the body corporate, it's uses & more - here.
- [Q&A - 2015 06](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-06/) - View two questions taken from the Paddocks Club discussion forum. We want to show you what is available to our Community members!
- [Some Aspects on the Annual General Meeting - Part Two](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/some-aspects-on-the-annual-general-meeting-part-two/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Click here for more on important aspects of the Annual General Meeting; including quorum requirements & functions of the Chairman.
- [The Developer’s Reserved Right](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/the-developers-reserved-right/) - Read about developer’s reserved right of extension of a sectional title scheme. Section 25 of the Sectional Titles Act 95 allows for development in phases.
- [Body Corporate Insurance & Trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/body-corporate-insurance-trustee/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. One of the most vital duties of a trustee is to ensure that the buildings & improvements to the property are insured. Read more!
- [Q&A - 2015 07](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2015-07/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter. Do you want to join to the Paddocks Club? Click here to view examples of two questions on the Paddocks Club discussion forum.
- [Tree Problems in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/tree-problems-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Paddocks Press Newsletter article. Residents in community schemes can have problems exacerbated due to strong emotional responses to e.g. pets & tree problems.
- [Executive Term Limits in Community Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/executive-term-limits-in-community-schemes/) - The Paddocks Industry Summit 2025 brings together diverse stakeholders from across the community schemes landscape in solutions-focused conversations.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2025-2-2-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2025-2-2-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Paddocks Press - June 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2025-2/) - The April 2025 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Debunking the “Structural” Misconception in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/debunking-the-structural-misconception-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - Jennifer Paddock explores a common misunderstanding about sectional title schemes
- [Subsidence of Sectional Title Dwellings—Part 2: Navigating Disputed Responsibilities and CSOS Recourse](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/subsidence-of-sectional-title-navigating-disputed-responsibilities-and-csos-recourse/) - Graham Paddock explores the procedural and legal steps available to a sectional title unit owner in respect of foundations subsiding and consequent damage.
- [Subsidence of Sectional Title Dwellings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/subsidence-of-sectional-title-dwellings/) - Graham Paddock examines the legal implications and responsibilities arising from foundation subsidence and consequent internal damage in sectional title schemes
- [Subsidence of Sectional Title Dwellings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/subsidence-of-sectional-title-dwellings/) - Graham Paddock examines the legal implications and responsibilities arising from foundation subsidence and consequent internal damage in sectional title schemes
- [Paddocks Press - November 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2024/) - The October 2024 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is out! Don't miss articles from legal experts to help you manage your properties effectively and safely.
- [Cannabis for Private Purposes Act, No. 7 of 2024](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/cannabis-for-private-purposes/) - Professor Graham Paddock gives an overview of the new law President Cyril Ramaphosa signed in May 2024 and its impact on community schemes.
- [Paddocks Press: Insurance Q&A](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-insurance-qa/) - Sectional title and Home Owners Association news and information
- [Q&A – 2023 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2023-04/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: appointment of a scheme manager and power of attorney for general meetings
- [Paddocks Press - November 2022](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2022/) - The November 2022 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering exclusive use area levies, body corporate resolutions, and voting for co-owned units
- [As a unit owner, may I claim from the body corporate’s insurance?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/as-a-unit-owner-may-i-claim-from-the-body-corporates-insurance/) - In this article, Ané discusses whether owners in sectional title schemes may claim from the body corporate's insurance for repairs to their section.
- [Withholding a levy clearance certificate until plans are approved](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/withholding-a-levy-clearance-certificate-until-plans-are-approved/) - Graham Paddock discusses whether a body corporate may withhold a levy clearance certificate when they are aware of unapproved building works in the section.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2021/) - The August 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering eBooks, vaccine passports for community schemes, claiming from body corporate insurance, special general meeting agenda and troublesome trustees
- [Paddocks Press - June 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2021/) - The June 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering "no pets: rules, the importance of CSOS process, levy clearance certificates, and rental income used to cover levies
- [Paddocks Press - January 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2021/) - The January 2021 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering installation and insurance of geysers on common property, the legality of using the reserve fund to pay administrative costs, and video surveillance in sectional title
- [Q&A – 2020 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-12/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Levy clearance certificate for a specific unit, must fines be specified in conduct rules
- [Q&A – 2020 11](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qa-2020-11/) - Examples of Q&A on the Club forum: Reporting bad CSOS Order, taking photos of rule breaches
- [Paddocks Press - April 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2020/) - The April 2020 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering remote meetings, levies in lockdown, and health and safety in sectional title.
- [Paddocks Press - January 2020](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2020/) - The January 2020 Paddocks Press newsletter covers: abstaining from a vote, developers in sectional title, changes in procedure at the CSOS, and more.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2019/) - The October 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering appointing a proxy, common MRR plan mistakes and going to CSOS.
- [Paddocks Press - July 2019](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-july-2019/) - The July 2019 edition of Paddocks Press newsletter is available, covering building a braai, steps to improve poorly managed schemes and more.
- [Radio interview: Disputes in community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/radio-interviews/radio-interview-disputes-in-community-schemes/) - Topic: Disputes in community schemes Date: 25 March 2018 Interviewer: Africa Melane on 567 CapeTalk radio station In this interview with Africa Melane, Zerlinda takes a look at what a dispute in a community scheme is, including the process to initiate dispute resolution at the Community Schemes Ombud Service ("CSOS"). The interview briefly covers the
- [Paddocks Press - December 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-december-2015/) - Paddocks Press is available! In this edition, we reflect on the year and bid you farewell. Happy holidays!
- [Paddocks Press - June 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-june-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! This Mandela Day, we will be giving back. Click here to find out how!
- [Paddocks Press - November 2016](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-november-2016/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! In this month's edition we share a video on transitional issues, we cover quorum requirements, and more!
- [Paddocks Press - January 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2017/) - The first Paddocks Press edition of 2017 is available! We have launched new courses, and updated our book on Sectional Titles Act, Rules and Regulations.
- [Responsibility to repair and replace windows and doors](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/responsibility-to-repair-and-replace-windows-and-doors/) - Who is responsible for the maintenance (including repair or replacement) of windows and doors within sectional title schemes? Find out here, on Paddocks.
- [Responsibility to repair and replace windows and doors](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/responsibility-to-repair-and-replace-windows-and-doors/) - Who is responsible for the maintenance (including repair or replacement) of windows and doors within sectional title schemes? Find out here, on Paddocks.
- [Paddocks Press - October 2017](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-october-2017/) - The Paddocks Press is now available! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [Paddocks Press - March 2018](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-march-2018-2/) - Read the latest community schemes news & find out about our latest offerings.
- [Levies - What you need to know](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/jennifer-paddock-levies-what-you-need-to-know/) - Everyone in a sectional scheme should understand how levies work, from the procedures to be followed when they are raised to the consequences of non-payment.
- [Must the trustees send levy statements to owners in sectional title schemes?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/must-the-trustees-send-levy-statements-to-owners-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - The adoption of the STSM Act has not altered the position that the trustees should send monthly levy statements to each owner.
- [Managing agent contract termination – notice confusion](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/managing-agent-contract-termination-notice-confusion/) - Sectional title schemes terminate their managing agent contracts from time to time, for various reasons.
- [Paddocks Press - May 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-april-2015-2/) - The UCT Sectional Title Scheme Management course workshop starts next week! Click to view house rules on sectional title schemes, monthly Q&A - & much more!
- [Q&A - 2014 04](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-2014-04/) - Click here to view examples of questions on the discussion forum on Paddocks Club about EUA garden maintenance, & reversals of transactions by trustees.
- [Chairpersons in Sectional Title Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/chairpersons-in-sectional-title-schemes/) - In sectional title schemes the chairperson can be mistaken for the king of the castle, but responsibility to manage the scheme falls on the group of trustees.
- [Paddocks Press - August 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-august-2015/) - View the new and improved Paddocks Press here! Read the latest sectional title & Home Owners' Association news & find out about our latest news & offerings.
- [Rental diversions where landlords are in arrears with levies?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/rental-diversions-where-landlords-are-in-arrears-with-levies/) - The association can secure the diversion of rent from the tenant of a defaulting unit owner to the association to settle the levy arrears. Click for more.
- [Can a trustee also be appointed as a caretaker?](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/can-a-trustee-also-be-appointed-as-a-caretaker/) - Trustees are empowered to employ a caretaker. In terms of section 38(a) of the Act, the body corporate has the power to appoint such agents and employees.
- [Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-survival-manual-3/) - The Sectional Title Survival Manual is a legal reference book for South Africa. It covers management agent, owner & tenant information. Read more!
- [Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/sectional-title-survival-manual-3/) - The Sectional Title Survival Manual is a legal reference book for South Africa. It covers management agent, owner & tenant information. Read more!
- [Paddocks Press - January 2015](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/paddocks-press-january-2015/) - The end of January brings with it one month until the default body corporate financial year end. Click here to read more about scheme finances & more!
- [Q&A with the Prof - 2012 12](https://www.paddocks.co.za/paddocks-press-newsletter/qaa-with-the-prof-2012-12/) - Click for 2 examples of questions on Paddocks Club discussion forum: Can Conduct Rules be amended without 75% consent & unauthorised fence on common property

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- [Home](https://www.paddocks.co.za/) - The Paddocks team are specialists in Sectional Title & Home Owners' Association (HOA) law. We offer online short courses, legal advice, books & more!
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- [Courses Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/) - Invest in your professional development with our online property management short courses, perfect for the working professional. Advance your career, today!
- [Courses Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/) - Invest in your professional development with our online property management short courses, perfect for the working professional. Advance your career, today!
- [Courses Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/) - Invest in your professional development with our online property management short courses, perfect for the working professional. Advance your career, today!
- [Private Consulting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/private-consulting/) - Paddocks offers private consulting to anyone experiencing community scheme issues. This covers contract review, drafting scheme rules & more!
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- [Thank You: Advanced Sectional Title Financial Management Masterclass](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/advanced-sectional-title-financial-management-masterclass/thank-you/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Thank You: Sectional Title Scheme Manager Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/sectional-title-scheme-manager-course/thank-you/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Thank You: Home Owners' Association Scheme Manager Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/home-owners-association-scheme-manager-course/thank-you/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Thank You: Start and Manage a Managing Agency Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/start-and-manage-a-managing-agency-course/thank-you/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Registration: Advanced Sectional Title Financial Management Masterclass](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/advanced-sectional-title-financial-management-masterclass/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Registration: Start and Manage a Managing Agency Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/start-and-manage-a-managing-agency-course/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Registration: Home Owners' Association Scheme Manager Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/home-owners-association-scheme-manager-course/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Registration: Sectional Title Scheme Manager Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/sectional-title-scheme-manager-course/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [Course Registration 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/course-registration-2025/) - Paddocks offers online courses, legal advice, consulting and books for those involved in sectional title schemes, HOA's and other forms of community schemes.
- [High Impact Certificate in Sectional Title Scheme Management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/high-impact-certificate-in-sectional-title-scheme-management/) - What is a High Impact Course? Introduction Skills How does this Course work? Meet Your Lecturer FAQ Menu What is a High Impact Course? Introduction Skills How does this Course work? Meet Your Lecturer FAQ High Impact Certificate in Sectional Title Scheme Management Develop your skills while diving into your real-world challenges with Graham Paddock
- [Resources Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/resources/) - Browse our free resources. You’ll find frequently asked questions (FAQs), newsletters, blog posts, relevant legislation and a series of explanatory articles.
- [Online Courses](https://www.paddocks.co.za/learn/) - Access any of your online property management courses: Free basic property courses, or UCT online courses. View our online property courses in South Africa.
- [The Advanced Sectional Title Financial Management Masterclass](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/the-advanced-sectional-title-financial-management-masterclass/) - The Advanced Sectional Title Financial Management Masterclass
- [Library](https://www.paddocks.co.za/resources/library/) - Find free copies of the relevant legislation for sectional title & home owners' associations, as well as reference texts & title plans - all online, here.
- [Graham's Explanatory Articles](https://www.paddocks.co.za/resources/grahams-explanatory-articles-2/) - A series of articles written by Graham Paddock
- [Paddocks Club](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/paddocks-club/) - This exclusive online property forum helps you get answers to sectional title, home owners’ association & other property management questions. Sign up today.
- [Sectional Title Meetings Handbook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-meetings-handbook/) - Ideal for anyone who wants to gain knowledge in how to conduct & manage sectional title meetings. It covers of the Sectional Title Act, the common law & more!
- [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjBnscFcloXor_SwPr8IFgmq9Gvmdk1yK](https://www.paddocks.co.za/https-www-youtube-com-playlistlistpljbnscfcloxor_swpr8ifgmq9gvmdk1yk/)
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- [UCT Sectional Title Reserve Funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/uct-sectional-title-reserve-funds/) - Learn more about this new UCT Sectional Title Reserve Funds workshop, coming in 2019!
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- [UCT Sectional Title Scheme Administrator](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/uct-sectional-title-scheme-administrator/) - Learn more about this new UCT Sectional Title Scheme Administrator workshop, coming in 2019!
- [UCT Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes/) - The UCT Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes online course helps parties understand the remedies available to resolve any issue on shared property.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, Regulations & Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-act-regulations-rules/) - This book is for those who need the Sectional Titles Act, Regulations and Rules in a book format. Ideal for anyone involved in property management.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-scheme-management-bridging-course-notes/) - These Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes are ideal for anyone who wants to gain knowledge in how to conduct sectional title meetings.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/) - This book is for those who would like to see which of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act provisions are new, removed, or updated.
- [Home Owners' Association Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/home-owners-association-survival-manual/) - This HOA Survival Manual explains the new Companies Act & the common law that applies to home owners’ association management. Ideal for a property manager.
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- [Books Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/) - Reference guides in sectional title or home owners’ association law, written by Graham Paddock. These 5 books help property managers, trustees, owners & more!
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- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/contact/) - Contact Paddocks to find out more about our sectional title & home owners' association online courses, our legal advice & resources, books, templates & more!
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- [UCT Sectional Title Specialist Estate Agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent/) - This UCT Sectional Title Specialist Estate Agent course covers property sales law, transfer management & consumer protection law.
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- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-templates/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this book, which contains templates that include provisions of the Sectional Titles Act & associated rules.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-act-regulations-rules/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this book, which is for those who need the Sectional Titles Act and prescribed rules in a book format.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-sectional-title/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us. We will be in contact with you shortly to give you more details on this Free Basics of Sectional Title online course.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/contact-success-2/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Administrator workshop starting in 2019! We will be in touch soon.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this book, which is for those who need the STSM Comparison of 2016 Amendments in a book format.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-home-owners-association/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the FREE Basics of Home Owners' Association online course. We will be in contact with you shortly.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-scheme-management-bridging-course-notes/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this handbook, which covers the STSM Act.
- [Register](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes/register/) - Register now for this UCT Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes part-time online course.
- [Register](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent/register/) - Click here to register for this online course, which covers the legal aspects of sectional title property sales, property transfer management rules & more!
- [Register](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-meetings/register/) - Click here to register now for this online sectional title meeting course, which covers prescribed management rules, the law of associations & more!
- [Register](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-trustee-training/register/) - Click here to register for the UCT Sectional Title Trustee Training part-time online course, which provides the training that trustees need.
- [Register](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/start-and-manage-a-managing-agency/register/) - Click here to register now for this part-time online Management course. Add starting and managing a Managing Agency to your portfolio now!
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/start-and-manage-a-managing-agency/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this online course. Add starting and managing a Managing Agency to your portfolio now!
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-meetings/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this online course, which covers the law of associations, the law of sectional title meetings & more!
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-trustee-training/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us! We will be in contact with you regarding your query about the UCT Sectional Title Trustee Training online part-time course.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us about this online course, which covers the legal aspects of sectional title property sales, property transfer rules & more!
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes part-time online course.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/scheme-manager-sectional-title/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this course in Sectional Title Scheme Management, which covers the South African legal system & more!
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-survival-manual/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us about the Sectional Title Survival Manual book, which covers topics from the basics to the termination of a scheme.
- [Thinking Inside the Box Blog](https://www.paddocks.co.za/resources/thinking-inside-the-box/) - This blog is here to empower those involved in sectional title, through better understanding their duties & to help increase the value of their properties.
- [Interested - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/interested-success-2/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Sectional Title Reserve Funds workshop starting in 2019!
- [Interested - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-scheme-development/interested-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Development short course starting in 2019! We'll keep in touch.
- [Interested - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-residential-property-leasing/interested-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Residential Property Leasing short course starting in 2019!
- [Interested - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-home-owners-association-development/interested-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Home Owners' Association Development short course starting in 2019!
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/paddocks-club/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us for more info about this Club, which helps you get answers to sectional title, home owners’ association & other questions.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-meetings-handbook/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this handbook, which covers the Sectional Title Act. Understand how to conduct sectional title meetings.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/home-owners-association-survival-manual/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about this online part-time course. Add managing Home Owners Association schemes to your portfolio now!
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/contact-success-4/) - Thank you for contacting us. We will be in contact with you shortly to give you more details on the UCT Sectional Title Trustee Training workshop.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/contact-success-3/) - Thank you for contacting us. We will be in contact with you shortly to give you more details on this UCT Sectional Title Meetings workshop.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-home-owners-association-development/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Home Owners' Association Development short course starting in 2019!
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for the UCT Sectional Title and HOA Dispute Resolution workshop.
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/scheme-manager-sectional-title/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for this course in Sectional Title Scheme Management, which covers the South African legal system & more!
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/start-and-manage-a-managing-agency/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for this part-time online Management course. Add starting and managing a Managing Agency to your portfolio now!
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-meetings/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for this UCT Sectional Title Meetings online course which covers management rules, the law of sectional title meetings & more!
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-trustee-training/register-success/) - Congratulations on registering for the UCT Sectional Title Trustee Training short course, which provides the training trustees need to manage their schemes.
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for this online course, which covers the legal aspects of sectional title property sales, property transfer management rules & more!
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-sectional-title/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for the Free Basics of Sectional Title online course, which gives an overview of sectional titles & the terms and concepts used.
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/scheme-manager-home-owners-association/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for this part-time online management course. Add managing home owners' associations to your portfolio now!
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/register-success-2/) - Thank you for registering for FREE Seminar for Owners in Sectional Title. This gives an overview of what owners need to know when living in a scheme.
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for this part-time online Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes course.
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-home-owners-association/register-success/) - Thank you for registering for the Free Basics of Home Owners' Association (HOA) online course, which gives an overview of HOA & the terms used.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/private-consulting/contact/) - Contact us at Paddocks to find out more about our private consulting services that we offer to anyone experiencing community scheme issues.
- [Brochure](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/private-consulting/brochure/) - Click here to download the brochure for more information about Paddocks' private consulting services, offered to anyone experiencing community scheme issues.
- [22-Minute Telephonic Consultation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/private-consulting/22-minute-consultation/) - Paddocks offers private consulting to anyone experiencing community scheme issues. Click here to request a consultation.
- [Paddocks online store](https://www.paddocks.co.za/shop/) - Welcome to the Paddocks e-store, where you can purchase books, resources, templates, e-books, and more. Browse all our items for sale, here.
- [Contact - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-scheme-development/contact-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Development short course starting in 2019! We will kkeep in touch.
- [21-Minute Telephonic Consult](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/private-consulting/21-minute-telephonic-consult/) - Paddocks birthday special: If you would like a 21-minute private telephonic consultation, click here. Find out more about our specialist Sectional Title Consulting Service.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/seminar-owners-in-sectional-title/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack for this free 1 hour seminar, which covers the basics of sectional titles, from an owner, trustee and tenant perspective.
- [Win a Short Course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/competition/) - Click here to enter our competition and win access to one of our 2018 short courses for yourself and a friend.
- [Competition - Entry Received](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/competition/entry-received/) - Thank you for entering our competition, and good luck!
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes/info-pack/) - Download the info pack on the UCT Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes part-time online course hosted by Paddocks.
- [Interested](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/uct-sectional-title-scheme-administrator/interested/) - Click here to register for the UCT Sectional Title Scheme Administrator part-time online workshop starting in 2019!
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/uct-sectional-title-scheme-administrator/contact/) - Click here to contact us about this online UCT Sectional Title Scheme Administrator workshop starting in 2019.
- [Register](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-home-owners-association/register/) - Click here to register now for the Free Basics of Home Owners' Association (HOA) online course.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-home-owners-association/contact/) - Contact us to find out about the this FREE Home Owners' Association (HOA) one-week online course, which gives an overview of sectional titles & terms used.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-home-owners-association/info-pack/) - Click here to download the Free Basics of Home Owners' Association (HOA) information pack, which gives more info on this online course.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/scheme-manager-home-owners-association/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack on this UCT Scheme Manager - Home Owners' Association short course. Add managing HOA's to your portfolio now!
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-sectional-title/info-pack/) - Click here to download the information pack, which gives more info on the Free Basics of Sectional Title online course.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-trustee-training/contact/) - Contact us about the UCT Sectional Title Trustee Training part-time online course, which provides training to trustees & an overview of scheme management.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-trustee-training/info-pack/) - Click here to download the information pack for the UCT Sectional Title Trustee Training part-time online short course.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-scheme-development/contact/) - Click here to contact us about our online UCT Sectional Title Scheme Development short course starting in 2019.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes/contact/) - Contact us to find out more about the UCT Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes online course. Add managing disputes to your property portfolio now!
- [Interested](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/uct-sectional-title-reserve-funds/interested/) - Click here to register for this part-time online UCT Sectional Title Reserve Funds workshop starting in 2019!
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/uct-sectional-title-reserve-funds/contact/) - Click here to contact us about this online UCT Sectional Title Reserve Funds workshop starting in 2019.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-community-scheme-ohs-manager/contact/) - Click here to contact us about this online UCT Community Scheme OHS Manager short course starting in 2019.
- [Interested - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-community-scheme-ohs-manager/interested-success/) - Thank you for contacting us to find out more about the UCT Community Scheme OHS Manager short course starting in 2019!
- [Interested](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-community-scheme-ohs-manager/interested/) - Click here to register for this part-time online UCT Community Scheme OHS Manager short course starting in 2019!
- [Interested](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-home-owners-association-development/interested/) - Click here to register for this part-time online UCT Home Owners' Association Development short course starting in 2019!
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-home-owners-association-development/contact/) - Click here to contact us about this online UCT Home Owners' Association Development short course starting in 2019.
- [Interested](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-scheme-development/interested/) - Click here to register for this part-time online UCT Sectional Title Scheme Development short course starting in 2019!
- [Interested](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-residential-property-leasing/interested/) - Click here to register for this part-time online UCT Residential Property Leasing short course starting in 2019!
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-residential-property-leasing/contact/) - Click here to contact us about this online UCT Residential Property Leasing short course starting in 2019.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent/contact/) - Click here to contact us about this online course, which covers the legal aspects of sectional title property sales, property transfer management rules & more!
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack for this online course, which covers the legal aspects of sectional title property sales, property transfer rules & more!
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/start-and-manage-a-managing-agency/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack on this Managing Agency online course.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/start-and-manage-a-managing-agency/contact/) - Contact us to find out more about this online course!
- [Sectional Title Bridging](https://www.paddocks.co.za/sectional-title-bridging/) - This 4-week course, will introduce you to all the legislative changes in the STSM Act & equip you with the knowledge to effectively manage ST schemes.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/seminar-owners-in-sectional-title/contact/) - Click here to contact us to find out more about the the Free Seminar for Owners in Sectional Title.
- [File Download](https://www.paddocks.co.za/download/) - Click here to download the file.
- [EAAB CPD Training](https://www.paddocks.co.za/resources/eaab-cpd-training/) - Click here to view the various presentations given at the EAAB CPD workshops around South Africa. Understand property law, the Sectional Titles Act & more.
- [Brochure](https://www.paddocks.co.za/advice/paddocks-club/brochure/) - Get more information here about this exclusive online Club, which helps you get answers to sectional title, home owners’ association & other questions.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-scheme-management-bridging-course-notes/contact/) - Contact us to find out more about this handbook, which covers the new Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, & more!
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-scheme-management-bridging-course-notes/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack on this handbook, which covers the STSM Act & more.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-meetings-handbook/contact/) - Contact us to find out more about this handbook, which covers the Sectional Title Act, common law & more! Understand how to conduct sectional title meetings.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-meetings-handbook/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack on this handbook, which covers of the Sectional Title Act & more. Learn how to conduct & manage sectional title meetings.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-templates/contact/) - Contact us to find out more about this book, which contains over 50 templates that include provisions of the Sectional Titles Act & associated rules.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-templates/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack on this book, which contains templates that include provisions of the Sectional Titles Act & associated rules.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/home-owners-association-survival-manual/contact/) - Contact us to find out more about this part-time online course. Managing Home Owners Association schemes is ideal to add to the portfolio of property managers.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/home-owners-association-survival-manual/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack for this part-time online course. Add managing Home Owners Association schemes to your portfolio now!
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/contact/) - Click here to contact us about the STSM Comparison of 2016 Amendments book, which puts the STSM Act and prescribed rules into a book format.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack on this book, which is for those who need the STSM Comparison of 2016 Amendments and prescribed rules in a book format.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-act-regulations-rules/contact/) - Click here to contact us about the Sectional Titles Act, Regulations & Rules book, which puts the Sectional Titles Act and prescribed rules into a book format.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-titles-act-regulations-rules/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack on this book, which is for those who need the Sectional Titles Act and prescribed rules in a book format.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-survival-manual/contact/) - Click here to contact us about the Sectional Title Survival Manual book, which covers topics from the basics to the termination of a scheme.
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/books/sectional-title-survival-manual/info-pack/) - Click here to download the online info pack on the Sectional Title Survival Manual book, which covers topics from the basics to the termination of a scheme.
- [Register](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-sectional-title/register/) - Click here to register now for the Free Basics of Sectional Title online course, which gives an overview of sectional titles & the terms and concepts used.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/free-basics-of-sectional-title/contact/) - Click here to contact us to find out more about the this FREE one-week online course, which gives an overview of sectional titles & the terms used.
- [Contact](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-meetings/contact/) - Click here to contact us about this online sectional title meeting course, which covers the law of associations, the law of sectional title meetings & more!
- [Info Pack](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-meetings/info-pack/) - Click here to download the info pack for this online course, which covers management rules, the law of associations, the law of sectional title meetings & more!
- [Sitemap](https://www.paddocks.co.za/sitemap/) - Click here to view the Paddocks sitemap, which lists all the pages on our website, which covers Sectional Title and Home Owners' Association information.
- [Courses Overview](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/) - Invest in your professional development with our online property management short courses, perfect for the working professional. Advance your career, today!
- [UCT Sectional Title Reserve Funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/workshops/uct-sectional-title-reserve-funds/) - Learn more about this new UCT Sectional Title Reserve Funds workshop, coming in 2019!
- [Free Advice Explorer](https://www.paddocks.co.za/free-advice-explorer/)
- [Register - Success](https://www.paddocks.co.za/courses/uct-sectional-title-trustee-training/register-success/) - Congratulations on registering for the UCT Sectional Title Trustee Training short course, which provides the training trustees need to manage their schemes.

## My Templates

- [Default Kit](https://www.paddocks.co.za/?elementor_library=default-kit)

## Products

- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-meetings/) - CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with meetings Meetings are vital to scheme management. Complex issues often arise in these contexts and have to be dealt with by CSOS. Our new CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with meetings is a set of commentaries by Prof. CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock on CSOS Adjudicator’s orders on this subject. If you are thinking of making application to CSOS in regard to a meeting issue or want to increase your understanding of this complicated topic, purchase this new title, the sixth in the series, or any of the other Paddocks eBooks.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with Management Services](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-management-services/) - CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with Management Services Management Services are vital to scheme management. Complex issues often arise in these contexts and have to be dealt with by CSOS. Our new CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with Management Services is a set of commentaries by Prof. CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock on CSOS Adjudicator’s orders on this subject. If you are thinking of making application to CSOS in regard to a Management Service issue or want to increase your understanding of this complicated topic, purchase this new title, the eighth in the series, or any of the other Paddocks eBooks.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with works on private and common areas](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-works-on-private-and-common-areas/) - CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with works on private or common areas The issue of carrying out work on private and common areas in community schemes is vital to scheme management, and often contentious because it is often vital to the use of the property and is always expensive. The legal issues involved, and which CSOS adjudicators have to deal with, are often complex. This new Casebook, the seventh in the series, is a set of commentaries by Prof. CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock on CSOS Adjudicator’s orders on this subject. If you are thinking of making or have to respond to an application to CSOS in regard to physical works under CSOSA Section 39(6), this work will give you useful guidance.
- [Managing Agents under the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/managing-agents-under-the-sectional-titles-scheme-management-act/) - This eBook is in its 1st edition, we examine the role of a managing agent who is employed to assist elected trustees, putting this office in the context of agency generally, and we unpack in detail the functions and powers associated with the role and examine important aspects of a managing agency contract. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Paperback: Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/paperback-sectional-title-survival-manual/) - Now in its 8th edition, the Sectional Title Survival Manual has proven over 30 years to be one of the most popular reference guides for those living or working in sectional title. We constantly hear from our readers how their “Green Book” has become an essential go-to guide for any problem they encounter in their
- [Executive Managing Agents under the Sectional Titles Schemes Management eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/executive-managing-agents-under-the-sectional-titles-schemes-management/) - In this 1st edition, we examine the role of an executive managing agent, examining this office in the context of agency generally, and we unpack in detail the functions and powers associated with the role. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Title Survival Manual eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-survival-manual/) - Written by Graham Paddock, this book holds your hand right from the start when it takes you through the basics, until the end when it deals with termination of a scheme, and everything in between. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [Home Owners' Association Survival Manual eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/home-owners-association-survival-manual/) - The Home Owners’ Associations Survival Manual empowers readers with easy to understand explanations of all the provisions of the new Companies Act and the common law that apply to the management of home owners’ associations. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, Regulations and Rules eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-regulations-and-rules/) - Sectional Title Schemes Management Act and prescribed rules in a book format with a comprehensive subject index. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016/) - The Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments book is a comparison of the provisions of the STSM Act, Regulations, Management and Conduct Rules with those of the previous provisions applicable under the Sectional Titles Act. What is the 'Double-Deal? Receive both the eBook and the paperback book for a discounted price, with no charge for the courier of the paperback book. Delivery of paperback is only limited to South Africa. Follow the link if you only want to purchase the paperback book or only the eBook. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-titles-schemes-management-bridging-course-notes/) - The Paddocks Sectional Titles Scheme Management Bridging Course Notes highlights the most fundamental amendments contained in the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 8 of 2011 (“the STSM Act”). What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes-course-notes/) - The Dispute Resolution in Community Scheme Course Notes will provide an understanding of the various types of community schemes and how disputes that arise in them can be resolved, by the parties themselves or with the assistance of the Community Schemes Ombud Service (“CSOS“). The course is compiled by Graham Paddock. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Law and Commentary eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-titles-schemes-management-law-and-commentary/) - In this book you will find the text of all the sectional title schemes management legislation, including the Act, its regulations, forms and the prescribed management and conduct rules. The footnoted comments on the text of this legislation contains explanations, references to learned commentary on the issues as well as references to applicable case law. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Title Meetings Handbook eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-meetings-handbook/) - The Sectional Title Meetings Handbook is an easy to use guide for chairpersons, trustees, owners, managing agents, developers and other role players who want to empower themselves with the knowledge of how to call, conduct and manage sectional title meetings properly. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [Exclusive Use Areas in Sectional Title Schemes Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/exclusive-use-areas-in-sectional-title-schemes-course-notes/) - Exclusive use areas are one of the most misunderstood legal concepts relating to sectional title schemes. Yet most schemes have registered or rule-based exclusive use areas. Examples of areas that can be made subject to exclusive use include patios, garden areas, balconies, storerooms and parking bays. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Exclusive Use Areas in Sectional Title Schemes Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/exclusive-use-areas-in-sectional-title-schemes-course-notes/) - Exclusive use areas are one of the most misunderstood legal concepts relating to sectional title schemes. Yet most schemes have registered or rule-based exclusive use areas. Examples of areas that can be made subject to exclusive use include patios, garden areas, balconies, storerooms and parking bays. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Trustees under the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/trustees-under-the-sectional-title-schemes-management-act/) - In this eBook, we unpack the functions and powers associated with the role of a trustee, which include the main subjects of appointment, function, duties and contracts. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Law in Plain English eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-schemes-management-law-in-plain-english/) - This book is a "plain English" translation of the text of each part of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 2011, its regulations and the prescribed rules. Without legalese, it uses ordinary language to describe and summarise the content of each provision. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Title Specialist Estate Agent Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent-course-notes/) - Theses course notes cover the legal aspects of sectional title property sales so they can better understand how to serve their sellers and buyers and ultimately do their job with a higher level of expertise. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Titles Survey and Registration Law and Commentary eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-titles-survey-and-registration-law-and-commentary/) - The comments on the text of the Sectional Titles Act contain explanations, references to other commentary on the issues as well as references to applicable case law. These comments are intended to assist persons who are involved in or affected by sectional survey and registration process to understand the effect of these provisions and to assist them in applying the law. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Sectional Title Trustee Training Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-trustee-training-course-notes/) - Trustees are the elected representatives of the owners in a sectional title scheme. They often have little or no understanding of the extensive legal requirements involved in sectional title scheme management and yet they are required by law to manage the scheme in accordance with them and in the best interests of the scheme. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [All Sectional Title Templates](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-templates-bundle/) - All the Sectional Title Templates, in PDF format, in one zip file bundle.
- [All Sectional Title Templates](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-templates-bundle/) - All the Sectional Title Templates, in PDF format, in one zip file bundle.
- [All Sectional Title Templates](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-title-templates-bundle-ebooks/) - All the Sectional Title Templates, in PDF format, in one zip file bundle.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Navigator eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/sectional-titles-schemes-management-navigator-ebook/) - Compiled by Graham Paddock, this eBook is an interactive subject index – and can be used as a learning tool to quickly navigate the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, Regulations and Rules, as well as Graham's Sectional Title Survival Manual. This book includes the full text of both of these publications. Subject headings and sub-headings are listed alphabetically and linked to the relevant parts of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, regulations, prescribed management and conduct rules, and to the discussion of that topic in the Sectional Title Survival Manual. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [CSOS KZN Orders to Feb 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-kzn-orders-to-feb-2021/) - Compiled by Graham Paddock, this publication includes all the texts of CSOS Orders published in Kwa-Zulu Natal from inception to February 2021 and many others that have not been published, but which have been sent to Paddocks What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [CSOS Western & Eastern Cape Orders to Feb 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-western-eastern-cape-orders-to-feb-2021/) - Compiled by Graham Paddock, this publication includes all the texts of CSOS Orders published in the Western and Eastern Cape from inception to February 2021 and many others that have not been published, but which have been sent to Paddocks What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [CSOS Gauteng Orders to Feb 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-gauteng-orders-to-feb-2021/) - Compiled by Graham Paddock, this publication includes all the texts of CSOS Orders published in Gauteng from inception to February 2021 and many others that have not been published, but which have been sent to Paddocks What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [High Court Orders that Deal with the Community Schemes Ombud Service: 2017 - July 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/high-court-orders-that-deal-with-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-2017-july-2021/) - This eBook contains the twenty-five High Court orders and one National Consumer Tribunal order in this collection all deal with the Community Schemes Ombud Service (“CSOS”) and were published before August 2021.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders in terms of section 39(1)(e) of the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act dealing with Recovery of Monies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-in-terms-of-section-391ee-of-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-act-dealing-with-recovery-of-monies/) - The CSOS can give orders for the payment, or re-payment, of money (orders under section 3(1)(e) of the CSOS Act). In this eBook, Professor CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock analyse and comment on the published CSOS orders dealing with this issue. Buy this eBook if you need to know how CSOS deals with this type of dispute and what problems may arise when you make or defend this type of claim in CSOS proceedings. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders in terms of section 39(2)(b) of the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act dealing with Animals in a Scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-in-terms-of-section-392b-of-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-act-dealing-with-animals-in-a-scheme/) - The CSOS can give orders that are related to animals in a scheme (orders under section 39(2)(b) of the CSOS Act). In this eBook, Professor CG van der Merwe analyses and comments on the published CSOS orders dealing with this issue. Buy this eBook if you need to know how CSOS deals with this type of dispute and what problems may arise when you make or defend this type of claim in CSOS proceedings. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with short-term letting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-short-term-letting/) - The CSOS can give orders that are related to short-term letting, such as AirBNB. In this eBook, Professor CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock analyse and comment on the published CSOS orders dealing with this issue. Buy this eBook if you need to know how CSOS deals with this type of dispute and what problems may arise when you make or defend this type of claim in CSOS proceedings. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with nuisance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-nuisance/) - CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with nuisance Defining nuisance can be incredibly difficult within sectional title scheme management, encompassing, noise, smell, animals, personal attacks, mental harassment and more. Our new CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with nuisance is a set of commentaries by Prof. CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock on CSOS Adjudicator’s orders on this subject. If you are thinking of making application to CSOS in regard to nuisance from a fellow resident or manager, or want to increase your understanding of this difficult topic, purchase this new title, the fifth in the series, or any of the other Paddocks eBooks.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with exclusive use areas](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-exclusive-use-areas/) - CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with exclusive use areas Exclusive use areas and rights are one of the more difficult areas of sectional title scheme management, often misunderstood by managing agents, trustees and owners. Our new CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with exclusive use areas is a set of commentaries by Prof. CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock on CSOS Adjudicator’s orders on this subject. If you are thinking of making application to CSOS in regard to an EUA, or want to increase your understanding of this difficult topic, purchase this new title, the fourth in the series, or any of the other Paddocks eBooks. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with exclusive use areas](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-exclusive-use-areas/) - CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with exclusive use areas Exclusive use areas and rights are one of the more difficult areas of sectional title scheme management, often misunderstood by managing agents, trustees and owners. Our new CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with exclusive use areas is a set of commentaries by Prof. CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock on CSOS Adjudicator’s orders on this subject. If you are thinking of making application to CSOS in regard to an EUA, or want to increase your understanding of this difficult topic, purchase this new title, the fourth in the series, or any of the other Paddocks eBooks. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Template - Application for Copy of Scheme Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-copy-of-scheme-rules/) - About this template A body corporate must give all owners and occupiers in the scheme copies of the current rules. On written request members, registered bondholders and anyone authorised in writing by a member or registered bondholder is entitled to, without charge, inspect and copy rules within 5 days. Law: Section 10(6) of the STSMA
- [Template - Application to Inspect Books of Account or Records](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-to-inspect-books-of-account-or-records/) - About this template An application to inspect the body corporate's books of account and/or records can be made by any member/owner, any bondholder or any person they have authorised in writing. The body corporate must comply within 10 days and can require payment of the reasonable cost before doing so. Law: PMR 26(2) and 27(4),
- [Template - Ballot Paper No.1 Sample – Election of Trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-ballot-paper-no-1-sample-election-of-trustees/) - About this template Any proxy appointment form must be delivered the body corporate 48 hours before the time of the meeting or handed to the chairperson before or at the start of the meeting.
- [Template - Ballot Paper No.2 Sample – Election of Trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-ballot-paper-no-2-sample-election-of-trustees/) - About this template Any proxy appointment form must be delivered the body corporate 48 hours before the time of the meeting or handed to the chairperson before or at the start of the meeting.
- [Template - Ballot Paper Sample – Election of Chairperson](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-ballot-paper-sample-election-of-chairperson/)
- [Template - Complaint by Owner or Occupier](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-complaint-by-owner-or-occupier/) - About this template To be used as part of the scheme’s internal dispute resolution procedure. Use this form to notify the Body Corporate and persons against whom you are making the complaint.
- [Template - Contract of Appointment of Managing Agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-contract-of-appointment-of-managing-agent/)
- [Template - Delegation of Body Corporate Powers to Trustee or Managing Agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-delegation-of-body-corporate-powers-to-trustee-or-managing-agent/) - About this template The trustees may appoint such agents and employees as they consider fit. The trustees can on the authority of a written trustee resolution, delegate to a member, agent or an employee such powers and duties as they deem fit (this can be revoked at any time), but when they delegate the power
- [Template - Final Notice to Stop Breach](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-final-notice-to-stop-breach/) - About this template If an owner or occupier has been given notice of breach(es) of the Act, the rules, the regulations or any consent given by the trustees or body corporate and the breach(es) is not stopped or rectified, the trustees may give the person a final notice before taking further steps against him or
- [Template - New Owner Welcome Letter Text](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-new-owner-welcome-letter-text/) - About this template This form can be signed by any authorised trustee or agent.
- [Template - Nomination to Serve as Trustee and Acceptance of Nomination](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-nomination-to-serve-as-trustee-and-acceptance-of-nomination/) - About this template A member may nominate, in writing, any person for the office of trustee. The written nomination must be accompanied by the written consent of the person nominated and delivered to the body corporate service address at least 48 hours before the AGM is due to start. A trustee need not be a
- [Template - Notice of and Agenda for Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-and-agenda-for-annual-general-meeting/) - About this template At least 14 days' written notice if any general meeting must be given to all members, registered bondholders, holders of future development rights and the managing agent. PMR 15(1). The notice of a general meeting must be accompanied by at least an agenda, a copy or comprehensive summary of any document that
- [Template - Notice of and Agenda for Special General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-and-agenda-for-special-general-meeting/) - About this template The trustees may, whenever they think fit, and must upon a request in writing made either by owners entitled to 25% of the total of the quotas of all sections or by any mortgagee holding mortgage bonds over not less than 25% in number of the units, convene a special general meeting.
- [Template - Notice of Hearing of a Complaint](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-hearing-of-a-complaint/) - About this template After their initial investigation of a complaint, and before they make any decision, the trustees must invite all interested parties to participate in a hearing. It is particularly important that any person who might be prejudiced by a trustee decision is given an opportunity to attend and participate. This form is designed
- [Template - Notice of and Agenda for Trustee Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-and-agenda-for-trustee-meeting/) - About this template Any trustee can call a trustee meeting by giving all the others written notice with a time, date and agenda, but in urgent cases shorter reasonable notice may be given. No notice of a physical meeting need be given to a trustee outside the RSA. Trustees can in writing resolve to set
- [Template - Notice of Written Motion / Proposal for Special or Unanimous Resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-written-motion-proposal-for-special-or-unanimous-resolution/)
- [Template - Notification of Appointment of Proxy and Acceptance of Appointment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notification-of-appointment-of-proxy-and-acceptance-of-appointment/) - About this template A member may be present in person or be represented by a proxy at meetings of the body corporate. No person may act as a proxy for more than two members of the body corporate. This is prescribed Form C, which must be signed by the member and the proxy and be
- [Template - Notification of Member’s Change of Service Address](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notification-of-members-change-of-service-address/) - About this template A member’s default service address is the primary section, but by written notice to the body corporate the member can change it to another physical, postal or fax address in the Republic of South Africa, or to an email address. The change becomes effective when this notification is received at the body
- [Template - Notification to Stakeholders of Change of Address of Body Corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notification-to-stakeholders-of-change-of-address-of-body-corporate/) - About this template When the trustees give the CSOS notice of any change in the body corporate’s service address, its “domicilium citandi et executandi”, they must simultaneously give such written notice to all members, other occupiers of sections and all registered bondholders. Law: PMR 4(4). This form can be signed by any authorised trustee or
- [Template - Notification to Stakeholders of Change to Scheme Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notification-to-stakeholders-of-change-to-scheme-rules/) - About this template Any substitution, addition, amendment or repeal of a scheme’s rules comes into operation on the date of the issuing of a certificate by the CSOS. On receipt of such certificate, the trustees must deliver a copy of any rules substituted, added or amended and details of any rules repealed to all owners.
- [Template - Record or Decision on Application](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-record-or-decision-on-application/) - About this template Once the trustees have investigated an application and allowed all interested parties to participate in a hearing of the issues, they must take a resolution confirming their decision, ensure this is included in the minutes of the meeting and formally advise the applicant(s) of their decision. Any authorised trustee or managing agent
- [Template - Request for Special General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-request-for-special-general-meeting/) - About this template Trustees must call a general meeting if requested to do so in writing by members entitled to 25% of all quotas or bondholders over 25% of the primary sections and if they fail to call the requested meeting in 14 days, the requesters can do so. Requesters must include motions or matters
- [Template - Record of Decision on Complaint](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-record-of-decision-on-complaint/) - About this template Once the trustees have investigated a complaint and allowed all interested parties to participate in a hearing of the issues, they must take a resolution confirming their decision, ensure this is included in the minutes of the meeting and formally advise the parties of their decisions. If any party to this dispute
- [Template - Task Planning List – Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-task-planning-list-annual-general-meeting/)
- [Template - Trustee Report to Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-trustee-report-to-annual-general-meeting/) - About this template Trustees must prepare a report reviewing the affairs of the body corporate during the past year for presentation at the annual general meeting. This should be approved by the trustees, signed by the chairperson and put forward for consideration at the annual general. Law: PMR 26(1)(f).
- [Template - Final Notice of Arrear Contributions/Levies, Debt Collection Proceedings and Costs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-final-notice-of-arrear-contributions-or-levies-debt-collection-proceedings-and-costs/) - About this template When payment is overdue, members must be given a final notice stating: (a) the member’s obligation to make immediate payment; (b) any accrued interest due to date and in future; and (c) that proceedings will be commenced if payment is not made in 14 days. Members must pay the body corporate’s reasonable
- [Template - Levy/Contribution Clearance Certificate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-levy-contribution-clearance-certificate/) - About this template Once the body corporate is established, no transfer of a unit can be registered unless the body corporate gives a certificate in this form. The conveyancer attending to the transfer then gives a separate certificate confirming that the body corporate certificate has been given, and it is the conveyancer’s certificate that must
- [Template - Notice of Annual Contributions/Levies for Individual Owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-annual-contributions-or-levies-for-individual-owners/) - About this template The trustees must resolve to levy owners with contributions to fund the body corporate’s administrative and reserve funds and recover from the holders of exclusive use rights its costs incurred in maintaining and repairing exclusive use areas. Annual/general levies must be based on the budgets approved by owners at the annual general
- [Template - Notice of Annual Contributions/Levies Including Schedule](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-annual-contributions-or-levies-including-schedule/) - About this template The trustees must resolve to levy owners with contributions to fund the body corporate’s administrative and reserve funds and recover from the holders of exclusive use rights its costs incurred in maintaining and repairing exclusive use areas. Annual/general levies must be based on the budgets approved by owners at the annual general
- [Template - Notice of Special Contributions/Levies for Individual Owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-special-contributions-or-levies-for-individual-owners/) - About this template Trustees may resolve to levy a special contribution if additional income is required to meet a necessary expense that cannot reasonably be delayed until provided for in the budget for the next financial year. They can also resolve to charge interest on any overdue amount payable to the body corporate, but the
- [Template - Application for Body Corporate Consent to Improve Exclusive Use Area](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-body-corporate-consent-to-improve-exclusive-use-area/) - About this template The body corporate may by ordinary resolution (majority value of votes cast), give an owner permission to construct/place a structure on an exclusive use area. However this consent may not be given if the effect of the structure/placement is the creation of what should be a section or an extension of an
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Subdivide or Consolidate Sections](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-subdivide-or-consolidate-sections/) - About this template An owner may apply to the trustees for consent to subdivide a section or consolidate two or more sections. The trustees must not unreasonably withhold consent. Law: Section 21 of the Sectional Titles Act and section 7(2) of the STSM Act. If this form is signed in a representative capacity, for example
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to add Minor Fixture to or Make other Minor Alteration to Common Property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-add-minor-fixture-to-or-make-other-minor-alteration-to-common-property/) - About this template The trustees may give an owner or occupier of a section consent to mark, paint, drive nails, screws or other objects into or otherwise alter the common property in a minor manner, but not to damage or deface a common property structure. Law: PCR 4(1). Note: This form does not cover applications
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Erect or Install Insect Screen or Security Device](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-erect-or-install-insect-screen-or-security-device/) - About this template Where the trustees have approved the installation by owners of locking / safety devices of screens, no special consent is required to install such an approved device. Where no general approval has been given, owners or occupiers can apply to the trustees to approve the installation of such a device. Law: PCR
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Place Sign or Notice on Common Property or Within Section or Exclusive Use Area](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-place-sign-or-notice-on-common-property-or-within-section-or-exclusive-use-area/) - About this template An owner or occupier of a section can apply for the trustees’ consent to put up any sign, notice, billboard or advertisement that is visible from another section or the common property, or that is visible from outside. Law: PCR 5(2)(c). If this form is signed in a representative capacity, the details
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Keep Pet(s)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-keep-pets/) - About this template An owner or occupier who wants to keep any animal, reptile or bird in a part of the scheme may not do so without the written consent of the trustees. The consent may prescribe reasonable conditions and, if any of these are breached, the trustees may withdraw the consent. However, no application
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Alter the Common Property in any Significant Manner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-alter-the-common-property-in-any-significant-manner/) - About this template The trustees may, when appropriate, give consent to an owner or occupier who at own expense wishes to make minor changes to the common property, or to make minor changes to a section or exclusive use area that will be visible from elsewhere, as long as these changes do not detract from
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Park on Common Property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-park-on-common-property/) - About this template In the case of an emergency, an owner or occupier may park a vehicle on the common property outside of a demarcated parking area, but the vehicle must be removed as soon as possible after the emergency situation is over. When there is no emergency, the trustees can give an owner or
- [Template - Notice of Intention to Inspect Section and/or Exclusive Use Area](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-intention-to-inspect-section-and-or-exclusive-use-area/) - About this template Other than in cases of emergency, the body corporate cannot demand access to a section or an exclusive use area without first giving the owner notice. The owner must permit body corporate agents, at reasonable times and on such notice, except in an emergency, to enter a section or exclusive use area
- [Template - Notice to Carry Out Repairs or Maintenance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-to-carry-out-repairs-or-maintenance/) - About this template An owner must repair and maintain the section in a state of good repair. If the owner fails to do so and that failure prejudices the stability of common property, the building safety, the body corporate or other members or occupiers, the trustees must, except in an emergency, give the owner notice
- [Template - Notice to Remove Undesirable Object(s) or Stop Undesirable Behaviour](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-to-remove-undesirable-objects-or-stop-undesirable-behaviour/)
- [Template - Notice to Stop Breach of Act or Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-to-stop-breach-of-act-or-rules/) - About this template When an alleged non-trivial breach of the Act or of the scheme rules is reported to the trustees, they must give the alleged offender notice and require him or her to put a stop to the breach. This form can be signed by any authorised trustee or agent.
- [Template - Notice to Stop Irregular Use](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-to-stop-irregular-use/) - About this template An owner or occupier must not use a section or exclusive use area: to cause a nuisance to any other occupier. in contravention of any provision or requirement of a: scheme rule, title condition, registered sectional plan, approved building plan, or law or by-law; other than for a use for which it
- [Template - Round Robin / Owner Resolution Form for Special or Unanimous Resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-round-robin-owner-resolution-form/) - About this template If the text of a draft resolution is written out and it is agreed to by: All owners - that is a unanimous resolution; 75% of all owners (counted in number and value) - that is a special resolution. Law: Section 1 of the STSM Act (definitions of special and unanimous resolutions)
- [Template - Notification of Amendment of Rules (Form B)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/notification-of-amendment-of-rules-form-b/) - About this template This document must be signed by two (2) trustees or one (1) trustee and a managing agent, as is binding on the body corporate. Law: Section 10(5)(a) of the STSM Act, Regulation 5(2) and PMR 10(1)(b).
- [Template - Notification of Change of Body Corporate Address (Form A)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notification-of-change-of-body-corporate-address-form-a/) - About this template This document must be signed by two (2) trustees or one (1) trustee and a managing agent, as is binding on the body corporate. Law: Section 3(1)(o) of the STSM Act, Regulation 5(1) and PMR 10(1)(b).
- [Template - Round Robin/Trustee Resolution Form](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-round-robintrustee-resolution-form/) - About this template Trustees can take resolutions either at meetings or in writing. The notice must be delivered to all trustees and set out the text of any proposed resolution(s). It should instruct the trustees to indicate their agreement by completing and signing the form, which must be returned to the body corporate before a
- [Template - Notice of Special Contributions Including Schedule](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/template-notice-of-special-contributions-including-schedule/) - About this template Trustees may resolve to levy a special contribution if additional income is required to meet a necessary expense that cannot reasonably be delayed until provided for in the budget for the next financial year. They can also resolve to charge interest on any overdue amount payable to the body corporate, but the
- [Template - Condition Report for the Common Property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/condition-report-for-the-common-property/) - A body corporate is obliged to budget for work on the common property in the next financial year and also to prepare a Maintenance, Repair and Replacement Plan for future work on the common property in the next 10 years. The MR&R Plan is designed to show what amounts the body corporate needs to budget
- [Double Deal - Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, Regulations & Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/double-deal-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-regulations-rules/) - Sectional Title Schemes Management Act and prescribed rules in a book format with a comprehensive subject index. What is the 'Double-Deal? Receive both the eBook and the paperback book for a discounted price, with no charge for the courier of the paperback book. Delivery of paperback is only limited to South Africa. Follow the link if you only want to purchase the paperback book or only the eBook. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Paperback: Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/paperback-sectional-titles-schemes-management-bridging-course-notes/) - The Paddocks Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes highlights the most fundamental amendments contained in the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 8 of 2011 (“the STSM Act”). It is designed primarily for those who need to supplement their existing knowledge on sectional titles management by drawing attention to and commenting on the most important
- [Paperback: Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/paperback-sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/) - The Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments book is a comparison of the provisions of the STSM Act, Regulations, Management and Conduct Rules with those of the previous provisions applicable under the Sectional Titles Act. The book is designed for those actively involved in sectional title scheme management, who need to be able
- [Paperback: Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, Regulations & Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/paperback-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-regulations-rules/) - A managing agent, a chairperson or a trustee cannot properly perform his or her duties without regular reference to the provisions of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act and the prescribed management and conduct rules. Similarly, interested owners cannot take an intelligent interest in his or her scheme’s management processes without these texts. This book
- [Paperback: Sectional Title Meetings Handbook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/paperback-sectional-title-meetings-handbook/) - The 2nd edition of the Sectional Title Meetings Handbook is an easy to use guide for chairpersons, trustees, owners, managing agents, developers and other role players who want to empower themselves with the knowledge of how to call, conduct and manage sectional title meetings properly. This handbook integrates the requirements of the Sectional Titles Schemes
- [Paperback: Home Owner's Association Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/paperback-home-owners-association-survival-manual/) - The 2nd edition of the Home Owners’ Associations Survival Manual empowers its readers with easy to understand explanations of all the provisions of the new Companies Act and the common law that apply to the management of home owners’ associations, as well as references to the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act, 9 of 2011. It
- [Double Deal - Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/double-deal-sectional-titles-schemes-management-bridging-course-notes/) - The Paddocks Sectional Titles Scheme Management Bridging Course Notes highlights the most fundamental amendments contained in the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act 8 of 2011 (“the STSM Act”). What is the 'Double-Deal? Receive both the eBook and the paperback book for a discounted price, with no charge for the courier of the paperback book. Delivery of paperback is only limited to South Africa. Follow the link if you only want to purchase the paperback book or only the eBook. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Double Deal - Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/double-deal-sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/) - The Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments book is a comparison of the provisions of the STSM Act, Regulations, Management and Conduct Rules with those of the previous provisions applicable under the Sectional Titles Act. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Double Deal - Sectional Title Meetings Handbook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/double-deal-sectional-title-meetings-handbook/) - The Sectional Title Meetings Handbook is an easy to use guide for chairpersons, trustees, owners, managing agents, developers and other role players who want to empower themselves with the knowledge of how to call, conduct and manage sectional title meetings properly. What is the 'Double-Deal? Receive both the eBook and the paperback book for a discounted price, with no charge for the courier of the paperback book. Delivery of paperback is only limited to South Africa. Follow the link if you only want to purchase the paperback book or only the eBook. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [Double Deal - Sectional Title Meetings Handbook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/double-deal-sectional-title-meetings-handbook/) - The Sectional Title Meetings Handbook is an easy to use guide for chairpersons, trustees, owners, managing agents, developers and other role players who want to empower themselves with the knowledge of how to call, conduct and manage sectional title meetings properly. What is the 'Double-Deal? Receive both the eBook and the paperback book for a discounted price, with no charge for the courier of the paperback book. Delivery of paperback is only limited to South Africa. Follow the link if you only want to purchase the paperback book or only the eBook. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [Double Deal - Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/double-deal-sectional-title-survival-manual/) - Written by Graham Paddock, this book holds your hand right from the start when it takes you through the basics, until the end when it deals with termination of a scheme, and everything in between. What is the 'Double-Deal? Receive both the eBook and the paperback book for a discounted price, with no charge for the courier of the paperback book. Delivery of paperback is only limited to South Africa. Follow the link if you only want to purchase the paperback book or only the eBook. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more.
- [Double Deal - Home Owners' Association Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/double-deal-home-owners-association-survival-manual/) - The Home Owners’ Associations Survival Manual empowers readers with easy to understand explanations of all the provisions of the new Companies Act and the common law that apply to the management of home owners’ associations. What is the 'Double-Deal? Receive both the eBook and the paperback book for a discounted price, with no charge for the courier of the paperback book. Delivery of paperback is only limited to South Africa. Follow the link if you only want to purchase the paperback book or only the eBook. What is an eBook? An eBook is a non-printable, electronic .epub file that you are able to read on a tablet or smartphone, through various digital programs such as iBooks, Adobe Digital Editions and more. Should you prefer the paperback version, please click here.
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with nuisance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/product/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-nuisance/) - CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with nuisance Defining nuisance can be incredibly difficult within sectional title scheme management, encompassing, noise, smell, animals, personal attacks, mental harassment and more. Our new CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with nuisance is a set of commentaries by Prof. CG van der Merwe and Graham Paddock on CSOS Adjudicator’s orders on this subject. If you are thinking of making application to CSOS in regard to nuisance from a fellow resident or manager, or want to increase your understanding of this difficult topic, purchase this new title, the fifth in the series, or any of the other Paddocks eBooks.

## Ebook Store

- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-meetings/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with Management Services](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-management-services/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with works on private or common areas](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-works-on-private-or-common-areas/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with exclusive use areas](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-exclusive-use-areas/)
- [Trustees under the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act - Appoint, Function, Duties & Contracts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/trustees-under-the-sectional-title-schemes-management-act-appoint-function-duties-contracts/)
- [Sectional Titles Survey and Registration Law and Commentary eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-titles-survey-and-registration-law-and-commentary-ebook/)
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Navigator](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-titles-schemes-management-navigator/)
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Law in Plain English](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-schemes-management-law-in-plain-english/)
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Law and Commentary eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-titles-schemes-management-law-and-commentary/) - In this book you will find the text of all the sectional title schemes management legislation, including the Act, its regulations, forms and the prescribed management and conduct rules. The footnoted comments on the text of this legislation contains explanations, references to learned commentary on the issues as well as references to applicable case law.
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/)
- [Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-titles-schemes-management-bridging-course-notes/)
- [Sectional Title Trustee Training Course Notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-trustee-training-course-notes/) - If the trustees don’t do a good job, every person involved in the scheme suffers. The value of the units may decrease due to a lack of proper maintenance and repair, the scheme’s finances may not be properly managed and disputes can ravage the body corporate due to a lack of proper rule enforcement and
- [Sectional Title Trustee Training Course Notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-trustee-training-course-notes-2/) - Trustees are the elected representatives of the owners in a sectional title scheme. They often have little or no understanding of the extensive legal requirements involved in sectional title scheme management and yet they are required by law to manage the scheme in accordance with them and in the best interests of the scheme. If
- [Sectional Title Templates - Bundle](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-templates-bundle/)
- [Sectional Title Survival Manual eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-survival-manual/)
- [Sectional Title Specialist Estate Agent Course Notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-specialist-estate-agent-course-notes/)
- [Sectional Title Schemes Management Act, Regulation and Rules eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-schemes-management-act-regulation-and-rules/)
- [Sectional Title Meetings Handbook eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/sectional-title-meetings-handbook/) - The Sectional Title Meetings Handbook is an easy to use guide for chairpersons, trustees, owners, managing agents, developers and other role players who want to empower themselves with the knowledge of how to call, conduct and manage sectional title meetings properly. This handbook integrates the requirements of the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, the prescribed
- [Managing Agents under the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/managing-agents-under-the-sectional-titles-scheme-management-act/)
- [Managing Agent under the Sectional Titles Schemes Managing Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/managing-agent-under-the-sectional-titles-schemes-managing-act/)
- [HOA Survival Manual eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/hoa-survival-manual-2/)
- [High Court Orders that Deal with the Community Schemes Ombud Service: 2017 - July 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/high-court-orders-that-deal-with-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-2017-july-2021/)
- [Executive Managing Agents under the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/executive-managing-agents-under-the-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-2/)
- [Executive Managing Agents under the Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/executive-managing-agents-under-the-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act/)
- [Exclusive Use Areas in Sectional Title Schemes Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/exclusive-use-areas-in-sectional-title-schemes-course-notes/) - Exclusive use areas are one of the most misunderstood legal concepts relating to sectional title schemes. Yet most schemes have registered or rule-based exclusive use areas. Examples of areas that can be made subject to exclusive use include patios, garden areas, balconies, storerooms and parking bays. Trustees are the elected representatives of the owners in
- [Dispute Resolution in Community Schemes Course Notes eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/dispute-resolution-in-community-schemes-course-notes/) - Disputes in community schemes are inevitable, and can have far-reaching consequences. It is vital for any affected parties to know and understand the internal and external remedies available to them, to resolve any issues of dispute. The Dispute Resolution in Community Scheme Course Notes will provide an understanding of the various types of community schemes
- [CSOS Western & Eastern Cape Orders to Feb 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-western-eastern-cape-orders-to-feb-2021/)
- [CSOS KZN Orders to Feb 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-kzn-orders-to-feb-2021/)
- [CSOS Gauteng Orders to Feb 2021](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-gauteng-orders-to-feb-2021/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders in terms of section 39(2)(b) of the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act dealing with Animals in a Scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-in-terms-of-section-392b-of-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-act-dealing-with-animals-in-a-scheme/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders in terms of section 39(1)(e) of the Community Schemes Ombud Service Act dealing with Recovery of Monies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-in-terms-of-section-391ee-of-the-community-schemes-ombud-service-act-dealing-with-recovery-of-monies/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with short-term letting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-short-term-letting/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with nuisance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-nuisance/)
- [Template - Notification to Registrar of Deeds of Change of Address of Body Corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notification-to-registrar-of-deeds-of-change-of-address-of-body-corporate/)
- [Double Deal - Sectional Titles Schemes Management Comparison of 2016 Amendments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/double-deal-sectional-titles-schemes-management-comparison-of-2016-amendments/)
- [Double Deal - Sectional Titles Schemes Management Bridging Course Notes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/double-deal-sectional-titles-schemes-management-bridging-course-notes/)
- [Double Deal - Sectional Titles Schemes Management Act, Regulations & Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/double-deal-sectional-titles-schemes-management-act-regulations-rules/)
- [Double Deal - Sectional Title Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/double-deal-sectional-title-survival-manual/)
- [Double Deal - Sectional Title Meetings Handbook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/double-deal-sectional-title-meetings-handbook/)
- [Double Deal - Home Owners' Association Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/double-deal-home-owners-association-survival-manual/)
- [Template - Application for Body Corporate Consent to Improve Exclusive Use Area](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-improve-exclusive-use-area/)
- [Template - Trustee Report to Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-trustee-report-to-annual-general-meeting/)
- [Template - Task Planning List – Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-task-planning-list-annual-general-meeting/)
- [Template - Round Robin/Trustee Resolution Form](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-round-robintrustee-resolution-form/) - About this template Trustees can take resolutions either at meetings or in writing. The notice must be delivered to all trustees and set out the text of any proposed resolution(s). It should instruct the trustees to indicate their agreement by completing and signing the form, which must be returned to the body corporate before a
- [Template - Round Robin / Owner Resolution Form for Special or Unanimous Resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-round-robin-owner-resolution-form/)
- [Template - Request for Special General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-request-for-special-general-meeting/)
- [Template - Record or Decision on Application](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-record-of-decision-on-application/)
- [Template - Record of Decision on Complaint](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-record-of-decision-on-complaint/)
- [Template - Notification to Stakeholders of Change to Scheme Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notification-to-stakeholders-of-change-to-scheme-rules/)
- [Template - Notification to Stakeholders of Change of Address of Body Corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notification-to-stakeholders-of-change-of-body-corporate/)
- [Template - Notification of Registrar of Deeds of Change of Address of Body Corporate Rules - Form V](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notification-of-registrar-of-deeds-of-change-of-address-of-body-corporate-rules-form-v/)
- [Template - Notification of Member’s Change of Service Address](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notification-of-members-change-of-service-address/)
- [Template - Notification of Change of Body Corporate Address (Form A)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/notification-of-change-of-body-corporate-address-form-a/)
- [Template - Notification of Appointment of Proxy and Acceptance of Appointment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notification-of-appointment-of-proxy-and-acceptance-of-appointment/)
- [Template - Notification of Amendment of Rules (Form B)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/notification-of-amendment-of-rules-form-b/)
- [Template - Notice to Stop Irregular Use](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-to-stop-irregular-use/)
- [Template - Notice to Stop Breach of Act or Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/notice-to-stop-breach-of-act-or-rules/)
- [Template - Notice to Remove Undesirable Object(s) or Stop Undesirable Behaviour](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-to-remove-undesirable-objects-or-stop-undesirable-behaviour/)
- [Template - Notice to Carry Out Repairs or Maintenance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-repairs-or-maintenance/)
- [Template - Notice of Written Motion / Proposal for Special or Unanimous Resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-written-motion-proposal-for-special-or-unanimous-resolution/)
- [Template - Notice of Special Contributions/Levies for Individual Owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-special-contributions-or-levies-for-individual-owners/)
- [Template - Notice of Special Contributions Including Schedule](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-special-contributions-including-schedule/)
- [Template - Notice of Intention to Inspect Section and / or Exclusive Use Area](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-intention-to-inspect-section-and-or-exclusive-use-area/)
- [Template - Notice of Hearing of a Complaint](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-hearing-of-a-complaint/)
- [Template - Notice of Extension of Section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/17836-2/)
- [Template - Notice of Annual Contributions/Levies Including Schedule](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-annual-contributions-or-levies-including-schedule/)
- [Template - Notice of Annual Contributions/Levies for Individual Owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-annual-contributions-or-levies-for-individual-owners/)
- [Template - Notice of and Agenda for Trustee Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-and-agenda-for-trustee-meeting/)
- [Template - Notice of and Agenda for Special General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-and-agenda-for-special-general-meeting/)
- [Template - Notice of and Agenda for Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notice-of-and-agenda-for-annual-general-meeting/)
- [Template - Nomination to Serve as Trustee and Acceptance of Nomination](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-nomination-to-serve-as-trustee-and-acceptance-of-nomination/)
- [Template - New Owner Welcome Letter Text](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-new-owner-welcome-letter-text/)
- [Template - Levy/Contribution Clearance Certificate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-levy-clearance-certificate/)
- [Template - Final Notice to Stop Breach](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-final-notice-to-stop-breach/)
- [Template - Final Notice of Arrear Contributions/Levies Debt Collection Proceedings and Costs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-final-notice-of-arrear-contributions-or-levies-debt-collection-proceedings-and-costs/)
- [Template - Delegation of Body Corporate Powers to Trustee or Managing Agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-delegation-of-body-corporate-powers-to-trustee-or-managing-agent/)
- [Template - Contract of Appointment of Managing Agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-contract-of-appointment-of-managing-agent/)
- [Template - Condition Report for the Common Property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-condition-report-for-the-common-property/)
- [Template - Complaint by Owner or Occupier](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-complaint-by-owner-or-occupier/)
- [Template - Ballot Paper Sample – Election of Chairperson](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-ballot-paper-sample-election-of-chairperson/)
- [Template - Ballot Paper No.2 Sample – Election of Trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-ballot-paper-no-2-sample-election-of-trustees/)
- [Template - Ballot Paper No.1 Sample – Election of Trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-ballot-paper-no-1-sample-election-of-trustees/)
- [Template - Application to Inspect Books of Account or Records](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-to-inspect-books-of-account-or-records/)
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Subdivide or Consolidate Sections](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-subdivide-or-consolidate-sections/)
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Place Sign or Notice on Common Property or Within Section or Exclusive Use Area](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-place-sign-or-notice-on-common-property-or-within-section-or-exclusive-use-area/)
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Park on Common Property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-park-on-common-property/)
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Keep Pet(s)](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-keep-pets/)
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Erect or Install Insect Screen or Security Device](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-erect-or-install-insect-screen-or-security-device/)
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to Alter the Common Property in any Significant Manner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-body-corporate-consent-to-alter-the-common-property-in-any-significant-manner/)
- [Template - Application for Trustee Consent to add Minor Fixture to or Make other Minor Alteration to Common Property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-trustee-consent-to-add-minor-fixture-to-or-make-other-minor-alteration-to-common-property/)
- [Template - Application for Copy of Scheme Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-application-for-copy-of-scheme-rules/)
- [Double Deal - Home Owners' Association Survival Manual](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/double-deal-home-owners-association-survival-manual-2/)
- [CSOS Casebook: Orders dealing with Management Services](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/csos-casebook-orders-dealing-with-management-services/)
- [Template - Notification to Stakeholders of Change to Scheme Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook/template-notification-to-stakeholders-of-change-to-scheme-rules/)

## Authors

- [Graham Paddock](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook_author/graham-paddock/)
- [Graham Paddock](https://www.paddocks.co.za/ebook_author/graham-paddock/)

## Publishers

- [Paddocks Publishing](https://www.paddocks.co.za/publisher/paddocks-publishing/)

## Categories

- [Uncategorized](https://www.paddocks.co.za/category/uncategorized/)
- [Paddocks Press Newsletter](https://www.paddocks.co.za/category/paddocks-press-newsletter/) - Paddocks Press is a free monthly digital newsletter published to educate and update the sectional title and HOA community. The articles included in Paddocks Press focus on the legal, financial and administrative aspects of sectional title and HOA management. Once a month, the best of these articles are selected to appear in our Paddocks Press publication, which is emailed to over 40,000 readers throughout South Africa.
- [General](https://www.paddocks.co.za/category/general/)
- [Radio Interviews](https://www.paddocks.co.za/category/radio-interviews/)

## Tags

- [arbitration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/arbitration/)
- [PMR 71](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pmr-71/)
- [disputes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/disputes/)
- [HOAs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/hoas/)
- [buying in a HOA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/buying-in-a-hoa/)
- [buyers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/buyers/)
- [community scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/community-scheme/)
- [Fining rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/fining-rules/)
- [sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-schemes/)
- [STSM Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/stsm-act/)
- [are fines legal](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/are-fines-legal/)
- [extend section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/extend-section/)
- [special resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/special-resolution/)
- [body corporate’s permission](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporates-permission/)
- [paddocks courses](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocks-courses/)
- [Monthly CSOS Levy payable](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/monthly-csos-levy-payable/)
- [Levy charges by community scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-charges-by-community-scheme/)
- [STSMA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/stsma/)
- [Levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levies/)
- [Sectional title scheme levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-scheme-levies/)
- [levy statements in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-statements-in-sectional-title-schemes/)
- [Community Schemes Ombud Service](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/community-schemes-ombud-service/)
- [Special levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/special-levies/)
- [homeowners association](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/homeowners-association/)
- [home owners' association](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/home-owners-association/)
- [HOA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/hoa/)
- [meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/meetings/)
- [proxies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/proxies/)
- [managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/managing-agent/)
- [best managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/best-managing-agent/)
- [managing agencies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/managing-agencies/)
- [qualifications for managing agents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/qualifications-for-managing-agents/)
- [managing agent qualification](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/managing-agent-qualification/)
- [guidelines for managing agents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/guidelines-for-managing-agents/)
- [Levy contributions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-contributions/)
- [contributions levied](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/contributions-levied/)
- [sectional title valuations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-valuations/)
- [body corporate insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporate-insurance/)
- [insurance valuations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/insurance-valuations/)
- [replacement value](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/replacement-value/)
- [reinstatement cost](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/reinstatement-cost/)
- [unit upgrades](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/unit-upgrades/)
- [exclusive use area](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/exclusive-use-area/)
- [valuator](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/valuator/)
- [community scheme valuations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/community-scheme-valuations/)
- [repair windows](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/repair-windows/)
- [repair doors](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/repair-doors/)
- [owner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/owner/)
- [body corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporate/)
- [responsibility](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/responsibility/)
- [AGM](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/agm/)
- [maintainance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/maintainance/)
- [chairman](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/chairman/)
- [chairperson](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/chairperson/)
- [role of a chairman](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/role-of-a-chairman/)
- [chairman responsibilities](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/chairman-responsibilities/)
- [trustee remuneration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-remuneration/)
- [pay trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pay-trustees/)
- [trustees be paid](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustees-be-paid/)
- [payment for trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/payment-for-trustees/)
- [special resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/special-resolutions/)
- [Voting requirements](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/voting-requirements/)
- [Voting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/voting/)
- [Quorum requirements](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/quorum-requirements/)
- [Quorum for meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/quorum-for-meetings/)
- [Summary](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/summary/)
- [CSOS](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos/)
- [Maintenance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/maintenance/)
- [Repairs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/repairs/)
- [Body Corporate Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporate-rules/)
- [levy statement](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-statement/)
- [contributions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/contributions/)
- [Resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/resolutions/)
- [Short-term letting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/short-term-letting/)
- [Conduct rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/conduct-rules/)
- [snoring](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/snoring/)
- [Braai](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/braai/)
- [rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/rules/)
- [dogs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/dogs/)
- [pets](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pets/)
- [animals](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/animals/)
- [noise](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/noise/)
- [warnings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/warnings/)
- [administration fund account](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/administration-fund-account/)
- [Parking in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/parking-in-sectional-title/)
- [Sectional title parking](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-parking/)
- [Body Corporate trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporate-trustees/)
- [Proxy](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/proxy/)
- [common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/common-property/)
- [security](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/security/)
- [MMR plan](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/mmr-plan/)
- [Dispute resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/dispute-resolution/)
- [Leak repairs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/leak-repairs/)
- [neighbouring schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/neighbouring-schemes/)
- [temporary trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/temporary-trustees/)
- [trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustees/)
- [Owners' duties](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/owners-duties/)
- [overdue levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/overdue-levies/)
- [owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/owners/)
- [duties](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/duties/)
- [alleged assault](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/alleged-assault/)
- [bad behaviour](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/bad-behaviour/)
- [Developers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/developers/)
- [procedures at the CSOS](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/procedures-at-the-csos/)
- [Development](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/development/)
- [unanimous resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/unanimous-resolution/)
- [Apartheid-style rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/apartheid-style-rules/)
- [Reserve funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/reserve-funds/)
- [leaking pipes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/leaking-pipes/)
- [CICP](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cicp/)
- [CIPC checklist](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cipc-checklist/)
- [HOA NPC](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/hoa-npc/)
- [voting cards](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/voting-cards/)
- [COVID-19](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/covid-19/)
- [Coronavirus](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/coronavirus/)
- [harrasment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/harrasment/)
- [trustee](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee/)
- [Remote meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/remote-meeting/)
- [OHS](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/ohs/)
- [Levies in lockdown](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levies-in-lockdown/)
- [Remote meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/remote-meetings/)
- [trustee meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-meetings/)
- [lockdown](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/lockdown/)
- [AGMs during lockdown](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/agms-during-lockdown/)
- [changing levy installments to ease the burden during lockdown](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/changing-levy-installments-to-ease-the-burden-during-lockdown/)
- [Appointing a managing agent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/appointing-a-managing-agent/)
- [unpaid levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/unpaid-levies/)
- [Outstanding contributions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/outstanding-contributions/)
- [managing agent's contract](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/managing-agents-contract/)
- [Marijuana](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/marijuana/)
- [lockdown meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/lockdown-meetings/)
- [garages](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/garages/)
- [separate section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/separate-section/)
- [wifi](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/wifi/)
- [fibre](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/fibre/)
- [internet](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/internet/)
- [administration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/administration/)
- [efficiency](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/efficiency/)
- [tenants](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/tenants/)
- [rights](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/rights/)
- [supervisor](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/supervisor/)
- [caretaker](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/caretaker/)
- [virtual AGM](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/virtual-agm/)
- [POPI Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/popi-act/)
- [POPIA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/popia/)
- [casting vote](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/casting-vote/)
- [nomination](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/nomination/)
- [self-nomination](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/self-nomination/)
- [SGM](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sgm/)
- [working from home](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/working-from-home/)
- [insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/insurance/)
- [business](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/business/)
- [risks](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/risks/)
- [waiving AGM](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/waiving-agm/)
- [waiving](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/waiving/)
- [remuneration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/remuneration/)
- [parking](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/parking/)
- [Kingshaven HOA v Botha](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/kingshaven-hoa-v-botha/)
- [Zoom meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/zoom-meetings/)
- [online meetings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/online-meetings/)
- [sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title/)
- [EUA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/eua/)
- [swimming pool](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/swimming-pool/)
- [secret voting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/secret-voting/)
- [adjudications](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/adjudications/)
- [spending funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/spending-funds/)
- [administrative fund](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/administrative-fund/)
- [reserve fund](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/reserve-fund/)
- [non-owner trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/non-owner-trustees/)
- [geysers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/geysers/)
- [CSOS Orders](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos-orders/)
- [geyser](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/geyser/)
- [plumbing](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/plumbing/)
- [complaints](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/complaints/)
- [proof of breach](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/proof-of-breach/)
- [levy clearance certificate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-clearance-certificate/)
- [fines](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/fines/)
- [fines in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/fines-in-sectional-title-schemes/)
- [swimming pools](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/swimming-pools/)
- [pool](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pool/)
- [POPI](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/popi/)
- [access](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/access/)
- [masks](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/masks/)
- [water heating](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/water-heating/)
- [video surveillance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/video-surveillance/)
- [using maintenance fund](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/using-maintenance-fund/)
- [funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/funds/)
- [water heater](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/water-heater/)
- [installation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/installation/)
- [swimming](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/swimming/)
- [internal repairs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/internal-repairs/)
- [owner repairs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/owner-repairs/)
- [utility section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/utility-section/)
- [owner contact details](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/owner-contact-details/)
- [contact details](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/contact-details/)
- [Annual General Meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/annual-general-meeting/)
- [owner repairs to unit](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/owner-repairs-to-unit/)
- [reducing levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/reducing-levies/)
- [levies too high](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levies-too-high/)
- [complex](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/complex/)
- [apartment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/apartment/)
- [budget](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/budget/)
- [parking disputes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/parking-disputes/)
- [can tenants be trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/can-tenants-be-trustees/)
- [adjourned](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/adjourned/)
- [7 day](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/7-day/)
- [storeroom](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/storeroom/)
- [section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/section/)
- [Navigator](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/navigator/)
- [eBook](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/ebook/)
- [adjournment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/adjournment/)
- [book](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/book/)
- [sectional titles schemes management act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-titles-schemes-management-act/)
- [compliance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/compliance/)
- [law](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/law/)
- [legal compliance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/legal-compliance/)
- [pest control](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pest-control/)
- [CSOS Adjudications](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos-adjudications/)
- [Graham Paddock](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/graham-paddock/)
- [rental income](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/rental-income/)
- [sectional title scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-scheme/)
- [pets in sectional title schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pets-in-sectional-title-schemes/)
- [no pet rule](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/no-pet-rule/)
- [High Court](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/high-court/)
- [10-year maintenance plan](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/10-year-maintenance-plan/)
- [improvements](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/improvements/)
- [married trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/married-trustees/)
- [co-owner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/co-owner/)
- [vaccinations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/vaccinations/)
- [scheme access](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/scheme-access/)
- [repairs community scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/repairs-community-scheme/)
- [general meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/general-meeting/)
- [agenda](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/agenda/)
- [members calling meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/members-calling-meeting/)
- [special general meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/special-general-meeting/)
- [AGM notice](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/agm-notice/)
- [notice period](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/notice-period/)
- [smoking](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/smoking/)
- [nuisance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/nuisance/)
- [smoking in a complex](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/smoking-in-a-complex/)
- [dispute](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/dispute/)
- [MRRP](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/mrrp/)
- [financial administration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/financial-administration/)
- [administration fund](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/administration-fund/)
- [interest](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/interest/)
- [interest on arrears](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/interest-on-arrears/)
- [outstanding levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/outstanding-levies/)
- [Liability of managing agents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/liability-of-managing-agents/)
- [trustee liability](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-liability/)
- [bank statements](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/bank-statements/)
- [members' access to documents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/members-access-to-documents/)
- [special levy](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/special-levy/)
- [annual budget](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/annual-budget/)
- [sectional title finances](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-finances/)
- [access to records](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/access-to-records/)
- [body corporate documents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporate-documents/)
- [installation on common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/installation-on-common-property/)
- [air conditioner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/air-conditioner/)
- [payment](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/payment/)
- [special needs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/special-needs/)
- [slab between sections](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/slab-between-sections/)
- [owner liability](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/owner-liability/)
- [board](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/board/)
- [directors](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/directors/)
- [removal](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/removal/)
- [levy clearance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-clearance/)
- [Marsh Rose](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/marsh-rose/)
- [legal fess](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/legal-fess/)
- [Property Practitioners Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/property-practitioners-act/)
- [EAAB](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/eaab/)
- [PPRA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/ppra/)
- [PPA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/ppa/)
- [managing agents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/managing-agents/)
- [FFC](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/ffc/)
- [Fidelity Fund Certificate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/fidelity-fund-certificate/)
- [excess](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/excess/)
- [appeal](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/appeal/)
- [legal](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/legal/)
- [plans approved](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/plans-approved/)
- [municipality](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/municipality/)
- [selling a unit](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/selling-a-unit/)
- [financial statements](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/financial-statements/)
- [financial management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/financial-management/)
- [chairpersons casting vote](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/chairpersons-casting-vote/)
- [trustee vote](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-vote/)
- [CSOS Practice Directive](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos-practice-directive/)
- [Paddocks](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocks/)
- [news](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/news/)
- [updates](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/updates/)
- [Jennifer Paddock](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/jennifer-paddock/)
- [management accounts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/management-accounts/)
- [CSOS issues](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos-issues/)
- [inspection of documents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/inspection-of-documents/)
- [documents](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/documents/)
- [paid trustee](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paid-trustee/)
- [Property Practitioner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/property-practitioner/)
- [rejected rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/rejected-rules/)
- [invalid rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/invalid-rules/)
- [minutes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/minutes/)
- [trustee meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-meeting/)
- [tenant](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/tenant/)
- [violent](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/violent/)
- [pay owner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pay-owner/)
- [salary](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/salary/)
- [stipend](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/stipend/)
- [levy discount](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-discount/)
- [contribution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/contribution/)
- [annual contributions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/annual-contributions/)
- [board of trustees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/board-of-trustees/)
- [qualifying criteria](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/qualifying-criteria/)
- [illegal alterations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/illegal-alterations/)
- [unapproved alterations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/unapproved-alterations/)
- [exclusive use areas](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/exclusive-use-areas/)
- [decisions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/decisions/)
- [ratifying decisions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/ratifying-decisions/)
- [trustee restrictions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-restrictions/)
- [AGM restrictions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/agm-restrictions/)
- [neighbouring complexes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/neighbouring-complexes/)
- [tips for CSOS applications](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/tips-for-csos-applications/)
- [resolution](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/resolution/)
- [notice](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/notice/)
- [meeting](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/meeting/)
- [basic services](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/basic-services/)
- [levy](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy/)
- [levy defaulters](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-defaulters/)
- [cutting electricity](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cutting-electricity/)
- [cutting water](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cutting-water/)
- [municipal services](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/municipal-services/)
- [illegal extensions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/illegal-extensions/)
- [pitbulls](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pitbulls/)
- [generators](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/generators/)
- [exterior section](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/exterior-section/)
- [extension](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/extension/)
- [lapa](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/lapa/)
- [municipal approval](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/municipal-approval/)
- [email](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/email/)
- [registered mail](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/registered-mail/)
- [loadshedding](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/loadshedding/)
- [fumes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/fumes/)
- [petrol](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/petrol/)
- [diesel](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/diesel/)
- [votes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/votes/)
- [votes in number](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/votes-in-number/)
- [couple](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/couple/)
- [co-owners](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/co-owners/)
- [husband and wife](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/husband-and-wife/)
- [partner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/partner/)
- [voting slips](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/voting-slips/)
- [occupational health and safety](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/occupational-health-and-safety/)
- [sheet](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sheet/)
- [list of body corporate resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/list-of-body-corporate-resolutions/)
- [investigate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/investigate/)
- [piping](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/piping/)
- [plumber](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/plumber/)
- [pipes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pipes/)
- [costs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/costs/)
- [visitors parking](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/visitors-parking/)
- [issues](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/issues/)
- [parking issues](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/parking-issues/)
- [pergola](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pergola/)
- [solar](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/solar/)
- [solar system](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/solar-system/)
- [solar power](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/solar-power/)
- [rental](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/rental/)
- [tax](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/tax/)
- [inaugural AGM](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/inaugural-agm/)
- [inaugural](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/inaugural/)
- [layered scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/layered-scheme/)
- [developer](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/developer/)
- [mixed use](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/mixed-use/)
- [repair](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/repair/)
- [replacement](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/replacement/)
- [payments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/payments/)
- [suing](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/suing/)
- [sue](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sue/)
- [liability](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/liability/)
- [power of attorney](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/power-of-attorney/)
- [therapy pets](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/therapy-pets/)
- [accessibility alteration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/accessibility-alteration/)
- [case study](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/case-study/)
- [exclusive use](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/exclusive-use/)
- [emotional support animals](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/emotional-support-animals/)
- [cats](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cats/)
- [extensions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/extensions/)
- [sectional title advice](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-advice/)
- [adjudication order](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/adjudication-order/)
- [leadership](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/leadership/)
- [directive](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/directive/)
- [application](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/application/)
- [pets in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pets-in-sectional-title/)
- [paddocks club questions and answers](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocks-club-questions-and-answers/)
- [sectional title podcast](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-podcast/)
- [complex conversations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/complex-conversations/)
- [who pays in sectional title](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/who-pays-in-sectional-title/)
- [body corporate resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporate-resolutions/)
- [online course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/online-course/)
- [HOA course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/hoa-course/)
- [BC resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/bc-resolutions/)
- [sectional title owner rights](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-owner-rights/)
- [STSM online course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/stsm-online-course/)
- [Property management course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/property-management-course/)
- [sectional title owner responsibilities](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-owner-responsibilities/)
- [sectional title course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-course/)
- [Jennifer paddock sectional title lawyer](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/jennifer-paddock-sectional-title-lawyer/)
- [graham paddock sectional title lawyer](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/graham-paddock-sectional-title-lawyer/)
- [sectional title law](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-law/)
- [STSM Property management course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/stsm-property-management-course/)
- [sectional title owner](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-owner/)
- [specialised committees](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/specialised-committees/)
- [stsm course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/stsm-course/)
- [late registration](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/late-registration/)
- [trustee voting and nimination](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-voting-and-nimination/)
- [developer disputes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/developer-disputes/)
- [CSOS jurisdiction](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos-jurisdiction/)
- [Life Rights](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/life-rights/)
- [retirement schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/retirement-schemes/)
- [Sectional Title vs HOA](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-vs-hoa/)
- [Rezoning a Sectional Title Scheme](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/rezoning-a-sectional-title-scheme/)
- [black friday special](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/black-friday-special/)
- [christmas office hours](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/christmas-office-hours/)
- [Insurance Q&A](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/insurance-qa/)
- [HOA online course](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/hoa-online-course/)
- [NEwsletter archive](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/newsletter-archive/)
- [governance rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/governance-rules/)
- [non-profit company homeowners associations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/non-profit-company-homeowners-associations/)
- [company management rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/company-management-rules/)
- [NPC](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/npc/)
- [Voting disqualifications](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/voting-disqualifications/)
- [Prescribed Management Rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/prescribed-management-rules/)
- [PMRs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/pmrs/)
- [exclusive rights](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/exclusive-rights/)
- [Levy Arrears](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-arrears/)
- [Advanced Sectional Title Financial Management Masterclass](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/advanced-sectional-title-financial-management-masterclass/)
- [debt write off](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/debt-write-off/)
- [levy adjustments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-adjustments/)
- [PaddocksLeadership](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocksleadership/)
- [Paddocks News](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocks-news/)
- [announcement](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/announcement/)
- [sectionaltitle](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectionaltitle/)
- [WhatsApp](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/whatsapp/)
- [electronic signatures](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/electronic-signatures/)
- [Trustee resolutions](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/trustee-resolutions/)
- [ECT Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/ect-act/)
- [legal advice](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/legal-advice/)
- [potential claims for relief](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/potential-claims-for-relief/)
- [Section 39 CSOS Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/section-39-csos-act/)
- [CSOS Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos-act/)
- [Section 39](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/section-39/)
- [administrative management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/administrative-management/)
- [physical management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/physical-management/)
- [community schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/community-schemes/)
- [technology](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/technology/)
- [financial responsibility](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/financial-responsibility/)
- [information](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/information/)
- [access to information](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/access-to-information/)
- [management rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/management-rules/)
- [sectional title management act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-management-act/)
- [cannabis](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cannabis/)
- [cannabis for private purposes act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cannabis-for-private-purposes-act/)
- [dagga](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/dagga/)
- [new law](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/new-law/)
- [Cyril Ramaphosa](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/cyril-ramaphosa/)
- [procedural fairness](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/procedural-fairness/)
- [late review application](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/late-review-application/)
- [Lund vs CSOS](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/lund-vs-csos/)
- [Condonation](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/condonation/)
- [Montrose Mews](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/montrose-mews/)
- [EUAs](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/euas/)
- [Collecting levies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/collecting-levies/)
- [body corporate information](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/body-corporate-information/)
- [Club Kerkira](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/club-kerkira/)
- [Levy Collection](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-collection/)
- [paddocks learning](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocks-learning/)
- [Protection from Harassment Act](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/protection-from-harassment-act/)
- [High Court Case](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/high-court-case/)
- [M.M. v Kiewiet](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/m-m-v-kiewiet/)
- [Case report](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/case-report/)
- [Zybutz v Helianthus BC](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/zybutz-v-helianthus-bc/)
- [Special events](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/special-events/)
- [Halloween](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/halloween/)
- [Diwali](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/diwali/)
- [New Year](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/new-year/)
- [participation and control](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/participation-and-control/)
- [management issues](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/management-issues/)
- [reallocation of funds](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/reallocation-of-funds/)
- [chenin body corporate](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/chenin-body-corporate/)
- [common property alterations](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/common-property-alterations/)
- [admin fund](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/admin-fund/)
- [contracts](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/contracts/)
- [community scheme law](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/community-scheme-law/)
- [STSM Act 8 of 2011](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/stsm-act-8-of-2011/)
- [sectional title management](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-management/)
- [san sydney](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/san-sydney/)
- [shivani singh](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/shivani-singh/)
- [HF Property Investments](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/hf-property-investments/)
- [alienation of common property](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/alienation-of-common-property/)
- [CSOS remedies](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/csos-remedies/)
- [Advisory Council](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/advisory-council/)
- [distressed schemes](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/distressed-schemes/)
- [decay](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/decay/)
- [section extension](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/section-extension/)
- [EUA improvements](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/eua-improvements/)
- [non-profit entities](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/non-profit-entities/)
- [for-profit activity](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/for-profit-activity/)
- [sectional title dwellings](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-dwellings/)
- [subsidence](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/subsidence/)
- [borrowing](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/borrowing/)
- [loans](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/loans/)
- [levy insurance](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/levy-insurance/)
- [sectional title rules](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/sectional-title-rules/)
- [paddocks summit](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocks-summit/)
- [paddocks summit 2025](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/paddocks-summit-2025/)
- [thought leadership](https://www.paddocks.co.za/tag/thought-leadership/)

## Product categories

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